Revista Colombiana de Obstetricia y Ginecología (Sep 2007)
Detección de anomalías congénitas en 12.760 nacimientos de tres hospitales en la Ciudad de Bogotá, Colombia 2004-2005 mediante ecografía prenatal Using prenatal ultrasound for detecting congenital anomalies in 12.760 newborn babies from 20042005 in 3 hospitals in Bogotá, Colombia
Abstract
Objetivos: determinar la frecuencia de las alteraciones congénitas que son detectadas en forma prenatal, utilizando la ecografía como método diagnóstico. Métodos: estudio de casos y controles basado en la metodología del Estudio Colaborativo Latinoamericano de Malformaciones Congénitas (ECLAMC). Fueron examinados los recién nacidos de tres hospitales de la ciudad de Bogotá durante los años 2004 y 2005. Resultados: se reportó un total de 12.760 recién nacidos, de los cuales hubo 382 con malformaciones congénitas (2,99%). Información completa se presentó en 287 casos (75,13%). El promedio de ecografías realizadas a los casos fue de 3,47 y para los controles de 3,19 (p Objective using ultrasound as diagnostic method for determining the frequency of pre-natally diagnosed congenital abnormalities. Methods: a study of cases and controls using Latin-American Collaborative Study of Congenital Malformations (ECLAMC) methodology. All newborn children from 3 hospitals in Bogotá were assessed during 2004 and 2005. Results: 12.760 newborn were reported. 382 of the newborns had congenital abnormalities (2.99%); however, only complete information was obtained for 287 of the cases (75.13%). An average of 3,47 sonographic evaluations were made for the cases and 3.19 for the controls (p<0.05). The cases had lower gestational age (37.59 cf 38.29 weeks) (p<0.01), lower birth weight (2,841.9 cf 3,022.67 grs) (p<0.01) and height (48.3 cm cf 49.34) (p<0.01) than the control group. 151 congenital abnormalities were diagnosed using obstetric ultrasound (52.6%); however, just 49 of them (32.5%) were detected using this tool. Conclusions: ultrasound detection rate in the 3 hospitals was lower compared to data from other studies. There is thus a need for better quality and technology to improve major congenital abnormality detection rates.
