One Health intervention for elimination of anthrax in an endemic district of Odisha: A baseline and endline study
Matrujyoti Pattnaik,
Hari Ram Choudhary,
Debaprasad Parai,
Jyoti Shandilya,
Arun Kumar Padhi,
Niranjana Sahoo,
Shishirendu Ghosal,
Sarangdhar Sathpathy,
Santosh Kumar Panigrahi,
Susanta Kumar Sahu,
Aurobindo Samantaray,
Sanghamitra Pati,
Debdutta Bhattacharya
Affiliations
Matrujyoti Pattnaik
Department of Microbiology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre (Dept. of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
Hari Ram Choudhary
Department of Microbiology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre (Dept. of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
Debaprasad Parai
Department of Microbiology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre (Dept. of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
Jyoti Shandilya
Department of Microbiology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre (Dept. of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
Arun Kumar Padhi
Office of the Chief District Medical Officer Koraput, Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Odisha, India
Niranjana Sahoo
Centre for Wildlife Health, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Odisha University of Agriculture & Technology, Bhubaneswar 751003, India
Shishirendu Ghosal
Department of Microbiology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre (Dept. of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, India
Sarangdhar Sathpathy
Office of the Chief District Veterinary Officer Koraput, Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Odisha, India
Santosh Kumar Panigrahi
Office of the Chief District Veterinary Officer Koraput, Department of Health and Family Welfare, Government of Odisha, India
Susanta Kumar Sahu
Department of Microbiology, SLN Medical College and Hospital, Koraput
Aurobindo Samantaray
Department of Community Medicine, SLN Medical College and Hospital, Koraput
Sanghamitra Pati
Department of Microbiology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre (Dept. of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, India; Corresponding author.
Debdutta Bhattacharya
Department of Microbiology, ICMR-Regional Medical Research Centre (Dept. of Health Research, Ministry of Health & Family Welfare, Govt. of India), Chandrasekharpur, Bhubaneswar 751023, India; Corresponding author.
Background: This study was to compare a baseline and endline survey which were conducted to assess the changes in knowledge, attitude and practices about anthrax disease among the communities after One Health intervention for the elimination of human anthrax in an endemic district of Odisha. Methods: A total of 2670 respondents were interviewed during the baseline and 2511 for the endline survey using a structured questionnaire by multi-stage sampling method. Descriptive statistics were used and logistic regression was performed to estimate the relationship between the variables and knowledge of anthrax. Results: Out of the total participants in the study, males were about 76.25% in baseline and 72.08% in endline and about half of the total respondents were illiterate. Majority of the respondents had reported agriculture as their main occupation during both surveys. More than 50% of the respondents had livestock in their houses and farming was the main purpose for keeping them in both surveys. Around 20.26% of respondents knew about anthrax in baseline which raised to 53.64% after One Health intervention. Almost 21.29% of livestock owners had vaccinated their animals against anthrax disease throughout baseline, which increased to 66.5% during the endline survey. Conclusion: This study highlights a significant surge in both knowledge and practices related to anthrax within the community after the implementation of intervention packages based on the One Health approach. The outcome of our study signified the importance of One Health interventions to address the health challenges related to zoonotic diseases in tribal communities. The data could be useful for local Governments to incorporate such an approach in their health policy to eliminate human anthrax.