Applied Sciences (Oct 2021)
Complex Attosecond Waveform Synthesis at FEL FERMI
- Praveen Kumar Maroju,
- Cesare Grazioli,
- Michele Di Fraia,
- Matteo Moioli,
- Dominik Ertel,
- Hamed Ahmadi,
- Oksana Plekan,
- Paola Finetti,
- Enrico Allaria,
- Luca Giannessi,
- Giovanni De Ninno,
- Alberto A. Lutman,
- Richard J. Squibb,
- Raimund Feifel,
- Paolo Carpeggiani,
- Maurizio Reduzzi,
- Tommaso Mazza,
- Michael Meyer,
- Samuel Bengtsson,
- Neven Ibrakovic,
- Emma Rose Simpson,
- Johan Mauritsson,
- Tamás Csizmadia,
- Mathieu Dumergue,
- Sergei Kühn,
- Harshitha Nandiga Gopalakrishnan,
- Daehyun You,
- Kiyoshi Ueda,
- Marie Labeye,
- Jens Egebjerg Bækhøj,
- Kenneth J. Schafer,
- Elena V. Gryzlova,
- Alexei N. Grum-Grzhimailo,
- Kevin C. Prince,
- Carlo Callegari,
- Giuseppe Sansone
Affiliations
- Praveen Kumar Maroju
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan Meier Strasse 19, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Cesare Grazioli
- IOM-CNR, Istituto Officina dei Materiali, Basovizza AREA Science Park, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Michele Di Fraia
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Matteo Moioli
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan Meier Strasse 19, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Dominik Ertel
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan Meier Strasse 19, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Hamed Ahmadi
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan Meier Strasse 19, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- Oksana Plekan
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Paola Finetti
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Enrico Allaria
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Luca Giannessi
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Giovanni De Ninno
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Alberto A. Lutman
- SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory, Menlo Park, CA 94025, USA
- Richard J. Squibb
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Raimund Feifel
- Department of Physics, University of Gothenburg, Origovägen 6B, 412 96 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Paolo Carpeggiani
- Institut für Photonik, Technische Universität Wien, 1040 Vienna, Austria
- Maurizio Reduzzi
- Dipartimento Fisica Politecnico, Piazza Leonardo da Vinci 32, 20133 Milano, Italy
- Tommaso Mazza
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Michael Meyer
- European XFEL, Holzkoppel 4, 22869 Schenefeld, Germany
- Samuel Bengtsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Neven Ibrakovic
- Department of Physics, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Emma Rose Simpson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Johan Mauritsson
- Department of Physics, Lund University, PO Box 118, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
- Tamás Csizmadia
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Wolfgang Sandner utca 3., H-6728 Szeged, Hungary
- Mathieu Dumergue
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Wolfgang Sandner utca 3., H-6728 Szeged, Hungary
- Sergei Kühn
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Wolfgang Sandner utca 3., H-6728 Szeged, Hungary
- Harshitha Nandiga Gopalakrishnan
- ELI-ALPS, ELI-HU Non-Profit Ltd., Wolfgang Sandner utca 3., H-6728 Szeged, Hungary
- Daehyun You
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Kiyoshi Ueda
- Institute of Multidisciplinary Research for Advanced Materials, Tohoku University, Sendai 980-8577, Japan
- Marie Labeye
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803-4001, USA
- Jens Egebjerg Bækhøj
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803-4001, USA
- Kenneth J. Schafer
- Department of Physics and Astronomy, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803-4001, USA
- Elena V. Gryzlova
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119911 Moscow, Russia
- Alexei N. Grum-Grzhimailo
- Skobeltsyn Institute of Nuclear Physics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119911 Moscow, Russia
- Kevin C. Prince
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Carlo Callegari
- Elettra-Sincrotrone Trieste, Basovizza, 34149 Trieste, Italy
- Giuseppe Sansone
- Physikalisches Institut, Albert-Ludwigs-Universität Freiburg, Stefan Meier Strasse 19, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3390/app11219791
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 11,
no. 21
p. 9791
Abstract
Free-electron lasers (FELs) can produce radiation in the short wavelength range extending from the extreme ultraviolet (XUV) to the X-rays with a few to a few tens of femtoseconds pulse duration. These facilities have enabled significant breakthroughs in the field of atomic, molecular, and optical physics, implementing different schemes based on two-color photoionization mechanisms. In this article, we present the generation of attosecond pulse trains (APTs) at the seeded FEL FERMI using the beating of multiple phase-locked harmonics. We demonstrate the complex attosecond waveform shaping of the generated APTs, exploiting the ability to manipulate independently the amplitudes and the phases of the harmonics. The described generalized attosecond waveform synthesis technique with an arbitrary number of phase-locked harmonics will allow the generation of sub-100 as pulses with programmable electric fields.
Keywords
