Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein antibody-associated encephalitis after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 infection: a case report and retrospective case reviews
Yoonkyung Lee,
Seon-Jae Ahn,
Han-Sang Lee,
Yongmoo Kim,
Seolah Lee,
Hyeyoung Park,
Jangsup Moon,
Sang Kun Lee,
Kon Chu
Affiliations
Yoonkyung Lee
Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Seon-Jae Ahn
Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Han-Sang Lee
Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Yongmoo Kim
Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Seolah Lee
Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Hyeyoung Park
Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Jangsup Moon
Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Sang Kun Lee
Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Kon Chu
Department of Neurology, Laboratory for Neurotherapeutics, Biomedical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
Several cases of myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody-associated encephalitis have been reported after coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In this case, the patient presented with focal status epilepticus with impaired awareness, auditory hallucinations, and incoherent speech after COVID-19. Brain magnetic resonance imaging revealed no specific findings. Cerebrospinal fluid results showed pleocytosis and MOG antibody testing confirmed anti-MOG antibody with live cell-based fluorescence-activated cell sorting assay. The patient was diagnosed with MOG antibody-associated autoimmune encephalitis and treated with intravenous immunoglobulin, rituximab, and tocilizumab. This case occurred presumably due to auto-antibody production following COVID-19.
