Мать и дитя в Кузбассе (Mar 2019)
THE RESTORATION OF CONTROL OVER THE COURSE OF BRONCHIAL ASTHMA WITH CONSIDERATION OF PERSONAL CHARACTERISTICS OF ADOLESCENTS
Abstract
The development of a child in severe somatic pathology affects the formation of his personality, features of relationships with peers and opportunities for adaptation in General. About 25-30 % of exacerbations of bronchial asthma (BA) in adolescents are associated with periods of emotional stress. Emotional instability, self-doubt, isolation in patients with bronchial asthma of teenagers, violate the formation of self-esteem, trusting relationships with adults. The lack of compliance between BA patients, adolescents, parents and the doctor is at the heart of the loss of control over the course of the disease. Aim – restoration of control over the course of bronchial asthma, taking into account the characteristics of the personality of the teenager. Materials and methods. The article presents the effectiveness of the interdepartmental approach to the management of adolescent BA patients, used in educational programs («Asthma school for adolescents», «Asthma school for parents»), relaxing psychological trainings. The study involved 100 adolescents with bronchial asthma at the age of 11-17 years (mean age 13.9 ± 0.14 years, length of illness – 8.05 ± 0.33 years), who were on dispensary registration, but categorically refused basic therapy, recognizing the treatment only during the attack. Results. Improvement of the compliance between adolescents, parents and medical impact on the restoration of trust, the result of which was the execution of teenagers of all requirements and recommendations of the pulmonologist – purchase peakflowmetry, keeping a diary of self-control, restoration of basic therapy. The need for round-the-clock hospitalization has disappeared, the monitoring and treatment of BA adolescent patients has been transferred to the outpatient stage. Summary. In order to achieve an increase in the effectiveness of BA treatment, it is necessary to take into account, in addition to the main factors underlying the development of the disease, personal, as well as emotional and physiological features of adolescents.
