Coexistence of multiuser entanglement distribution and classical light in optical fiber network with a semiconductor chip
Xu Jing,
Cheng Qian,
Xiaodong Zheng,
Hu Nian,
Chenquan Wang,
Jie Tang,
Xiaowen Gu,
Yuechan Kong,
Tangsheng Chen,
Yichen Liu,
Chong Sheng,
Dong Jiang,
Bin Niu,
Liangliang Lu
Affiliations
Xu Jing
National Key Laboratory of Solid-State Microwave Devices and Circuits, Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute, Nanjing 210016, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology of Jiangsu Province, School of Physical Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
Cheng Qian
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology of Jiangsu Province, School of Physical Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
Xiaodong Zheng
National Key Laboratory of Solid-State Microwave Devices and Circuits, Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute, Nanjing 210016, China; National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China
Hu Nian
Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology of Jiangsu Province, School of Physical Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China
Chenquan Wang
National Key Laboratory of Solid-State Microwave Devices and Circuits, Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute, Nanjing 210016, China
Jie Tang
National Key Laboratory of Solid-State Microwave Devices and Circuits, Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute, Nanjing 210016, China
Xiaowen Gu
National Key Laboratory of Solid-State Microwave Devices and Circuits, Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute, Nanjing 210016, China
Yuechan Kong
National Key Laboratory of Solid-State Microwave Devices and Circuits, Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute, Nanjing 210016, China
Tangsheng Chen
National Key Laboratory of Solid-State Microwave Devices and Circuits, Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute, Nanjing 210016, China
Yichen Liu
National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Research Center for Quantum Optics and Quantum Communication, School of Science, Qingdao University of Technology, Qingdao 266520, China; Corresponding authors.
Chong Sheng
National Laboratory of Solid-State Microstructures, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, China; Corresponding authors.
Dong Jiang
School of Internet, Anhui University, Hefei 230039, China; Corresponding authors.
Bin Niu
National Key Laboratory of Solid-State Microwave Devices and Circuits, Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute, Nanjing 210016, China; Corresponding authors.
Liangliang Lu
National Key Laboratory of Solid-State Microwave Devices and Circuits, Nanjing Electronic Devices Institute, Nanjing 210016, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Technology of Jiangsu Province, School of Physical Science and Technology, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China; Hefei National Laboratory, Hefei 230088, China; Corresponding authors.
Building communication links among multiple users in a scalable and robust way is a key objective in achieving large-scale quantum networks. In a realistic scenario, noise from the coexisting classical light is inevitable and can ultimately disrupt the entanglement. The previous significant fully connected multiuser entanglement distribution experiments are conducted using dark fiber links, and there is no explicit relation between the entanglement degradations induced by classical noise and its error rate. Here, a semiconductor chip with a high figure-of-merit modal overlap is fabricated to directly generate broadband polarization entanglement. The monolithic source maintains the polarization entanglement fidelity of above 96% for 42 nm bandwidth, with a brightness of 1.2 × 107 Hz mW−1. A continuously working quantum entanglement distribution are performed among three users coexisting with classical light. Under finite-key analysis, secure keys are established and images encryption are enabled as well as quantum secret sharing between users. This work paves the way for practical multiparty quantum communication with integrated photonic architecture compatible with real-world fiber optical communication network.
