Conditions of Irrigated Lands in Uzbekistan –Amu-Darya River case study

Abstract

Aim of the study: The article presents the traditional irrigation systems used for many years and proposes changes in the dominant agricultural system in order to improve the food security of the Region. Considerable efforts and resources have been devoted to new forms of water management at the interstate level for water users associations. Material and methods: Due to the fact that there are many years of traditional technology, so is the simultaneous use of system solutions to improve the security of the Region's technology. Much effort and resources have been devoted to new forms of water at interstate level for user associations. The drainage of the Aral River and irrigation in the upper catchment areas of the Daria River, as well as Case study methods was used in this paper. Results and conclusions: The estimated average efficiency of irrigation systems was very low and did not change significantly over time. Irrigation was developed mainly by building new irrigation systems and, to a lesser extent, by reconstructing old ones. It is estimated that about 50% of abstracted irrigation water from rivers was lost due to seepage from channels and evaporation. In general, it can be concluded that the impact of large and melioration projects in the field of melioration had a positive impact on the development of agricultural regions. However, not all projects brought the expected benefits, inter alia, for various reasons, such as political pressure to increase biomass production by trying to use sometimes irrational and high doses of irrigation that exceed the retention capacity of irrigated soil.

Keywords

• aral sea region
• degradation of environment
• salinity of soils
• irrigation
• low efficiency of water