Актуальні питання суспільних наук та історії медицини (Sep 2017)

МОДЕЛІ НАЙМЕНУВАННЯ ЛІКАРСЬКИХ РОСЛИН І ВЖИВАННЯ ЕПОНІМІВ В НАЗВАХ ЛІКАРСЬКИХ РОСЛИН ФРАНЦУЗЬКОЮ, РОСІЙСЬКОЮ ТА ЛАТИНСЬКОЮ МОВАМИ / MODEL NAMES OF MEDICINAL HERBS AND THE USAGE OF EPONYMS IN THE NAMES OF MEDICINAL HERBS IN FRENCH, RUSSIAN AND LATIN

  • Інна ТОМКA,
  • Ірина СЕМЕНКО,
  • Анна ШАЛАЄВА

DOI
https://doi.org/10.24061/2411-6181.3.2017.85

Abstract

Read online

Томка И., Семенко И., Шалаєва А. Модели наименования лекарственных растений и употребление эпонимов в названиях лекарственных растений во французском, русском и латинском языках. В статье исследовано употребление эпонимов в названиях лекарственных растений и способы образования различных моделей наименования лекарственных растений на материалах французского, русского и латинского языков. Объектом исследования были избраны названия лекарственных растений, в состав которых входят эпонимы и различные модели наименования лекарственных растений. Цель исследования – провести сравнительный анализ французских, русских и латинских наименований лекарственных растений. В перспективе желательно рассмотреть употребление эпонимов в названиях лекарственных растений в современном медицинском дискурсе, упорядочить французско-украинский (и наоборот) словарь, который бы максимально отображал потребности пользователей. Ключевые слова: эпоним, название лекарственного растения, модели лекарственных растений, французский язык, латинский язык, антропоним, топоним. I. Tomkа, I. Semenko, A. Shalajeva. Model names of medicinal herbs and the usage of eponyms in the names of medicinal herbs in French, Russian and Latin. In the last quarter of the XX century, one of the central problems of linguistics was the study of the human factor in the language. The term eponyms are a unique concept, the individuality of which reflects their own names. Eponym is a term that contains its own name (anthroponym or toponym). Today it is difficult to find a branch of science, where in one way or another, eponyms are not used. There are many of them in the names of medicinal plants. In parallel with eponyms, we also chose the model of the name of medicinal plants, reffering Dictionnaire de la médicine français-russe. We have identified many examples of how different types of medicinal plant names (mainly French, Russian and Latin) are used and the use of eponyms in the names of medicinal plants. The usage of eponyms in the names of medicinal herbs and methods of formation of different models of the names of herbs on the material of French, Russian and Latin has been analyzed in the following article. The examples of the usage of medicinal names of herbs as well as the examples of various models of the names of herbs formation have been analyzed in French, Russian and Latin. The borrowings from Latin in the analyzed languages are numerous among the nouns. Taken into account that many kinds of medicinal herbs are in threatened condition, in this perspective, it is desirable to consider using of eponyms in the names of medicinal herbs in modern medical discourse, specify them, and to compose a special French-Ukrainian (and vice versa) dictionary which would most reflect the needs of users. According to the results of the research, it should be noted that the widespread usage of eponyms that are the part of the terminology system and have their own models of formation is a typical feature for botanical terminology. Eponyms play a significant role in interlingual communication. They function as a part of a language culture and obey morphological, grammatical and phonetic rules of the language in which they are used. Undoubtedly, eponyms in the names of medicinal herbs have an international character. Key words: eponym, name of the medicinal herbs, model of medicinal herbs, French, Latin, anthroponyms, placename or toponyms.

Keywords