Monocationic Chlorin as a Promising Photosensitizer for Antitumor and Antimicrobial Photodynamic Therapy
Andrey V. Kustov,
Dmitry B. Berezin,
Vladimir P. Zorin,
Philipp K. Morshnev,
Natal’ya V. Kukushkina,
Mikhail A. Krestyaninov,
Tatyana V. Kustova,
Alexander I. Strelnikov,
Elena V. Lyalyakina,
Tatyana E. Zorina,
Olga B. Abramova,
Ekaterina A. Kozlovtseva
Affiliations
Andrey V. Kustov
G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (ISC RAS), 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
Dmitry B. Berezin
Institute of Macroheterocyclic Compounds, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology (ISUCT), 153012 Ivanovo, Russia
Vladimir P. Zorin
Department of Biophysics, Belarussian State University, 220030 Minsk, Belarus
Philipp K. Morshnev
G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (ISC RAS), 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
Natal’ya V. Kukushkina
G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (ISC RAS), 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
Mikhail A. Krestyaninov
G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences (ISC RAS), 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
Tatyana V. Kustova
Institute of Macroheterocyclic Compounds, Ivanovo State University of Chemistry and Technology (ISUCT), 153012 Ivanovo, Russia
Alexander I. Strelnikov
Department of Departmental Surgery and Urology, Ivanovo State Medical Academy (ISMA), 153012 Ivanovo, Russia
Elena V. Lyalyakina
Ivanovo Regional Clinical Hospital (IRCH), 153000 Ivanovo, Russia
Tatyana E. Zorina
Department of Biophysics, Belarussian State University, 220030 Minsk, Belarus
Olga B. Abramova
Laboratory of Experimental Photodynamic Therapy, A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center—Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249031 Obninsk, Russia
Ekaterina A. Kozlovtseva
Laboratory of Experimental Photodynamic Therapy, A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center—Branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center of the Ministry of Health of the Russian Federation, 249031 Obninsk, Russia
Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Despite substantial progress in the understanding of tumor biology, and the appearance of new generations of targeted drugs and treatment techniques, the success achieved in this battle, with some notable exceptions, is still only moderate. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) is a successful but still underestimated therapeutic modality for treating many superficial cancers. In this paper, we focus on the extensive investigation of the monocationic chlorin photosensitizer (PS), considered here as a new photosensitizing agent for both antitumor and antimicrobial PDT. This monocationic chlorin PS (McChl) obtained from methylpheophorbide a (MPh) via a two-step procedure is well soluble in water in the physiological temperature range and forms stable complexes with passive carriers. McChl generates singlet oxygen with a good quantum yield in a lipid-like environment and binds mainly to low- and high-density lipoproteins in a vascular system. A comparison of the photodynamic activity of this agent with the activity of the well-established photosensitizer chlorin e6 (Chl e6) clearly indicates that McChl provides a much more efficient photoinactivation of malignant and microbial cells. The pilot PDT treatment of M1 sarcoma-bearing rats with this PS demonstrates its good potential for further preclinical investigations.