Journal of Clinical and Diagnostic Research (Dec 2017)
Effects of Tamoxifen-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles on Kidney and Liver of Female Ovariectomized Rats
Abstract
Introduction: Tamoxifen (TMX) has harmful dose-dependent long-term side effects such as liquid retention in postmenopausal breast cancer patients. Although, encapsulation of low-dose TMX in colloidal delivery systems have been effective, an in vivo study is needed to survey the effect of TMX-loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles (TMX-loaded SLN) on the liver and kidneys of rats as mammalian model. Aim: The aim of this study was to compare the effect of TMX and TMX-loaded SLN on the liver and kidney of ovariectomized female Wistar rats. Materials and Methods: An in vivo study was conducted at Hamadan University of Medical Sciences from May 2015 to April 2016. Twenty four adult female rats were divided randomly into four groups. One group served as healthy control animals (H) and treated with deionized water. The other three groups ovariectomized and treated with TMX, TMX-loaded SLN and olive oil (C) respectively. The treatments were given orally for 21 days consecutive to the animals using gastric intubations. At the end of the study, the rats were sacrificed and determined for liver biomarkers {Alanine Aminotransferase (ALT), Aspartate Aminotransferase (AST), Alkaline Phosphatase (ALP), lactate Dehydrogenase (LDH) activities} and renal biomarkers Uric Acid (UA), Blood Urea Nitrogen (BUN) and Creatinine (Cre) and study of the liver and renal tissue structure. Results: The serum analysis showed that the levels of Cre, urea and activity of liver enzymes; ALP, AST and ALT increased insignificantly in ovariectomized rats compared to healthy control. The ovariectomized rats treated with TMX and TMXloaded SLN showed reduction in activity of liver enzymes; ALP, LDH, AST, ALT in comparison to ovariectomized control group. Decreased UA level in serum of TMX and TMX-loaded SLN groups was seen. No structural abnormalities were observed in the animals’ tissue during the study. Conclusion: The study suggests that TMX-loaded SLN as well as free TMX reduced impact of the drug on the liver and kidney of ovariectomized rats. Therefore, the encapsulation of drug with nanoparticles may preserve its biological effects.
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