A influência da traqueostomia precoce no desmame ventilatório de pacientes com traumatismo craniencefálico grave The influence of early tracheostomy in the weaning of patients with severe traumatic brain injury

Abstract

JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: Atualmente, ainda é questionável se a traqueostomia precoce (TP) pode influenciar no desmame ventilatório ou no tempo de internação hospitalar de pacientes com traumatismo cranioencefálico (TCE). O objetivo primário deste estudo foi verificar se a TP influencia o tempo de ventilação mecânica (VM) em pacientes com TCE grave. MÉTODO: Estudo prospectivo, observacional, incluindo 33 pacientes com pontuação admissional na escala de coma de Glasgow (ECG) 12 dias) e o desmame ventilatório. RESULTADOS: O tempo total de VM foi menor no grupo TP (n = 10; p BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Actually, It’s doubtful if early tracheostomy (ET) can influence mechanical ventilation (MV) weaning time or the hospital length of stay in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The main objective of this trial was to verify the influence of ET on weaning time of patients with severe TBI. METHODS: Prospective, observational study, including 33 patients with severe TBI (GCS 12 days) and the weaning from MV. RESULTS: Total ventilation mechanical time has been reduced in the early tracheostomy group (n = 10; p < 0.0001). A lower GCS punctuation (mean 5.3 ± 2.5) in ET group has been negatively correlated with hospital length of stay (LOS) (p = 0.02). CONCLUSIONS: Early tracheostomy can decrease mechanical ventilation time, but does not influence hospital LOS in patients with severe traumatic brain injury.

Keywords

• desmame
• traqueostomia
• traumatismo cranioencefálico
• ventilação mecânica
• mechanical ventilation
• tracheostomy
• traumatic brain injury
• weaning