Translating Culture in Bilingual Dictionaries Vertaling van kultuur in tweetalige woordeboeke

Abstract

<p>In addition to the act of translation, transculturalisation and strategies of textuality come into play as interacting factors in the compilation of interlingual dictionaries. In this article, some conclusions resulting from a comparative survey of some South African dictionaries are drawn, specifically with regard to bi- and trilingual dictionaries in which Afrikaans, English, Japanese, Xhosa and Zulu combine as macrostructural components. After relating the act of translating in the various dictionaries to equivalence-based and descriptive theories of translation, the phenomenon of cultural transposition between lemma and translation equivalent is investigated. Starting with a brief characterisation of the dictionaries, the different perspectives and cultural biases vis-à-vis the "other" culture as reflected in the selection of lemmas and editorial examples are highlighted. In situating each instance of lexicographical contact, certain text linguistic principles are considered and applied to dictionary articles as units of discourse.</p><p>&lt;b&gt;Keywords:&lt;/b&gt; acceptability; afrikaans; associative meanings; cultural studies; english; informativity; intentionality; interlingual dictionaries; japanese; labelling; lexicography; macrostructural selection; offensive items; ostensive addressing; principles of textuality; text linguistics; translation; xhosa; zulu</p><p>Benewens die handeling van vertaling, tree transkulturalisasie en strategieë van tekstualiteit as interaktiewe faktore op by die saamstel van intertalige woordeboeke. In hierdie artikel word enkele gevolgtrekkings gemaak as uitvloeisel van 'n oorsig oor sommige Suid-Afrikaanse woordeboeke, meer bepaald twee‑ en drietalige woordeboeke waarin Afrikaans, Engels, Japannees, Xhosa en Zulu as makrostrukturele komponente gekombineer word. Nadat die handeling van vertaling in die betrokke woordeboeke met ekwivalensie-gebaseerde en deskriptiewe teorieë van vertaling in verband gebring word, word die verskynsel van kulturele oordrag tussen lemma en vertaalekwivalent ondersoek. Eers word 'n kort karakterisering van die betrokke woordeboeke gegee, en dan word die onderskeie perspektiewe en kulturele vooroordele ten opsigte van die "ander" kultuur soos weerspieël in die keuse van lemmas en redaksionele voorbeeldsinne belig. By die situering van elke geval van leksikografiese kontak word bepaalde tekslinguistiese beginsels oorweeg en toegepas op woordeboekartikels as eenhede van diskoers.</p><p>&lt;b&gt;Sleutelwoorde:&lt;/b&gt; aanstootlike items; aanvaarbaarheid; afrikaans; assosiatiewe betekenisse; beginsels van tekstualiteit; engels; etikettering; informatiwiteit; intensionaliteit; intertalige woordeboeke; japannees; kulturele studies; leksikografie; makrostrukturele seleksie; ostensiewe adressering; tekslinguistiek; vertaling; xhosa; zulu</p><p> </p>

Keywords

• acceptability
• afrikaans
• associative meanings
• cultural studies
• english
• informativity
• intentionality
• interlingual dictionaries
• japanese
• labelling
• lexicography
• macrostructural selection
• offensive items
• ostensive addressing
• principles of textual