Body image in pregnancy: A qualitative study in Malta

Abstract

Introduction Body image refers to one’s perception of their own appearance. This can be influenced by life experiences, including the experience of pregnancy. The purpose of this study was to explore pregnant women’s views of self during their first pregnancy. The objectives included: exploring women’s feelings and thoughts about their pregnant bodies; understanding if and how lifestyle adjustments influence women’s body image; and recognizing the societal and media impacts on women’s self-perception. Methods A qualitative research design was used. Eight women, who were recruited by purposive sampling from a general state hospital in Malta, were virtually interviewed using a self-designed, semi-structured interview schedule. Data were then thematically analyzed. Results Findings concluded that women’s perceived level of attractiveness during pregnancy varied and a desire to gain control over one’s own appearance was exhibited. Pregnancy’s lifestyle adjustments were difficult for some to uphold, challenging their body image. Moreover, unsolicited comments from society appeared to take their toll on some women’s self-perception, encouraging social comparison. Additionally, despite participants’ awareness of media’s false depictions of pregnant women and their bodies, some could not help but question their pregnant appearance, as a result of this. Conclusions Ultimately, despite the hardships met in terms of body image, participants were generally happy during their first pregnancy and were excited to meet their baby. The findings of this study provide important in-depth information on body image specific to pregnancy, emphasizing the importance of midwives educating and assessing pregnant women on their perception of their changed pregnant body.

Keywords

• body image
• perception
• lifestyle adjustments
• pregnancy
• media
• society