Accelerated Osteogenic Differentiation of MC3T3-E1 Cells by Lactoferrin-Conjugated Nanodiamonds through Enhanced Anti-Oxidant and Anti-Inflammatory Effects
Sung Eun Kim,
Somang Choi,
Jae-Young Hong,
Kyu-Sik Shim,
Tae-Hoon Kim,
Kyeongsoon Park,
Suk-Ha Lee
Affiliations
Sung Eun Kim
Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rare Diseases Institute, Korea University Guro Hospital, #148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Korea
Somang Choi
Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rare Diseases Institute, Korea University Guro Hospital, #148, Gurodong-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08308, Korea
Jae-Young Hong
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Korea University Ansan Hospital, #123, Jeokgeum-ro, Danwon-gu, Ansan-si, Gyeonggi-do 15355, Korea
Kyu-Sik Shim
Department of Biomedical Science, College of Medicine, Korea University, Anam-dong, Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02841, Korea
Tae-Hoon Kim
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, #120-1, Neungdong-ro, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05030, Korea
Kyeongsoon Park
Department of Systems Biotechnology, College of Biotechnology and Natural Resources, Chung-Ang University, 4726 Seodong-daero, Daedeok-myeon, Anseong-si, Gyeonggi-do 17546, Korea
Suk-Ha Lee
Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Konkuk University Medical Center, Konkuk University School of Medicine, #120-1, Neungdong-ro, Hwayang-dong, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05030, Korea
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of lactoferrin (LF)-conjugated nanodiamonds (NDs) in vitro on both anti-oxidant and anti-inflammation activity as well as osteogenic promotion. The application of LF-NDs resulted in sustained release of LF for up to 7 days. In vitro anti-oxidant analyses performed using Dichlorofluorescin diacetate (DCF-DA) assay and cell proliferation studies showed that LF (50 μg)-NDs effectively scavenged the reactive oxygen species (ROS) in MC3T3-E1 cells (osteoblast-like cells) after H2O2 treatment and increased proliferation of cells after H2O2 treatment. Treatment of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced MC3T3-E1 cells with LF-NDs suppressed levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines, including interleukin-1β (IL-1β) and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α). In addition, LF-NDs were associated with outstanding enhancement of osteogenic activity of MC3T3-E1 cells due to increased alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and calcium deposition. Our findings suggest that LF-NDs are an important substrate for alleviating ROS effects and inflammation, as well as promoting osteogenic differentiation of cells.
