Inactivation of Enveloped Bovine Viral Diarrhea Virus and Non-Enveloped Porcine Parvovirus Using Low-Pressure Non-Thermal Plasma

Abstract

As the worldwide population has been experiencing since 2020, viruses represent a serious threat to global well-being. To avoid viral transmission through surgery or medical examination, sterilization of medical material is needed. From emerging sterilization processes, the use of non-thermal plasma (NTP) arises as a promising technique to efficiently reduce microbial burden on medical devices, including new complex polymers as thermosensitive ones. Thus, we evaluated the antiviral efficacy of a low-pressure NTP process taking place in a sealed bag. For this purpose, two different plasmas, O2 100% plasma and Ar 80%–O2 20% plasma, were tested against two viruses: the bovine viral diarrhea virus and the porcine parvovirus, surrogates of human hepatitis C virus and human parvovirus B19, respectively. The efficacy of both NTP treatments on viral load can be detected after only five minutes. Moreover, the longer the NTP treatments last, the more the load decreases. The most effective load reduction was obtained with a 120-min O2 plasma treatment inducing a minimum of four-log viral load reduction. So, this process demonstrated strong virucidal capacity inside a sealed bag and represents a very interesting opportunity in the field of fragile medical devices sterilization or disinfection.

Keywords

• non-thermal plasma
• low pressure
• virus inactivation
• porcine parvovirus
• Bovine viral diarrhea virus
• oxygen plasma