Breeding of a new early-mid ripening peach cultivar Shihezaoxiangmi
PAN Haifa,
SHENG Yu,
ZHOU Hui,
XIE Qingmei,
SHI Pei,
ZHANG Jinyun
Affiliations
PAN Haifa
Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province/Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Germplasm Creation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
SHENG Yu
Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province/Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Germplasm Creation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
ZHOU Hui
Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province/Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Germplasm Creation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
XIE Qingmei
Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province/Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Germplasm Creation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
SHI Pei
Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province/Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Germplasm Creation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
ZHANG Jinyun
Institute of Horticulture, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences/Key Laboratory of Horticultural Crop Genetic Improvement and Eco-Physiology of Anhui Province/Key Laboratory of Horticulture Crop Germplasm Creation and Utilization, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs (Co-construction by Ministry and Province), Hefei 230031, Anhui, China
Shihezaoxiangmi peach is an early maturing variant from a local traditional cultivar Shiheshuimi. In the early 21st century, during the investigation of peach germplasm resources in Anhui Province, an early maturing tree was discovered by the research group in Shihe village, Shexian County, Huangshan City. Through high grafting identification experiment, variety comparison experiment and regional cultivation experiment, the peach showed stable characteristics. It was authorized by the Crop variety Identification Committee of Anhui Horticultural Society and officially named as Shihezaoxiangmi in December 2023. Shihezaoxiangmi cultivar had strong growth potential and opening tree form. The fruit shape of Shihezaoxiangmi was elliptic, the suture line was shallow, and the two halves of the fruit were relatively symmetrical. The fruit shape index was 0.93 (average longitudinal diameter is 7.41 cm, average transverse diameter is 7.94 cm). The average fruit weight was 275.0 g, and the maximum fruit weight was 345.0 g. The fruit apex was round flat and slightly concave. The background color of the fruit was milky yellow, and the top sunny side was covered with rose red. After bagging, the background color was milky white, and the skin was milky yellow. The flesh was milky white, easy to peel, and rich in sugar, juice and flavor with less fiber and soft solute. The color of the flesh near the stone was rosy; the content of soluble acid was 0.38%; the content of soluble solid was 12.5%. The fruit quality was very high although it was not able to store and transport for a long time due to the soft solute characteristic. In Huangshan area, the flowering period of Shihezaoxiangmi was in late March to early April. The fruit ripened in early to mid of July, and the fruit development period was about 100 days. The leaf fall period was mid to late October, and the growth period was about 210 days. Shihezaoxiangmi had strong cold tolerance and drought tolerance, but weak waterlogging tolerance, and strong resistance to anthracnose, bacterial piercing disease and peach scab. The variety was self fertile and very productive. Shihezaoxiangmi should be suitable for regional cultivation inAnhui province.
