Does the high dietary diversity score predict dietary micronutrients adequacy in children under 5 years old? A systematic review

Abstract

Abstract Backgrounds Undiversified and monotonous diets can lead to deficiency disease, named micronutrient deficiency, more specifically among young children. Dietary diversity (DD) has been known as a valid indicator to assess micronutrient inadequacy of the diet. The aim of this study was to determine “is there an association between high dietary diversity and the micronutrient adequacy, in children under 5 years old?”. Methods PubMed, Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Sciences, and Google Scholar databases were searched until February 2022, without date restrictions, using relevant keywords. All original articles, written in English, evaluating the relationship between DD and micronutrient adequacy in children under 5 years were eligible for this review. Results Totally, 1814 records were found in electronic search databases; after removing duplicated and irrelevant studies according to the title and abstract, the full text of the 35 articles was critically screened, in which 15 cross-sectional studies were included in this review. All of these studies reported that DD of infants and children under 5 years was positively associated with their micronutrient adequacy. Conclusion The findings indicate that in infants and children under 5 years, intake of various food groups reveals the adequate intake of micronutrients.

Keywords

• Dietary diversity
• Micronutrient adequacy
• Micronutrient deficiency
• Infants
• Children