Recovery of ergosterol from Agaricus bisporus mushrooms via supercritical fluid extraction: A response surface methodology optimisation
Cláudia F. Almeida,
Yaidelin A. Manrique,
José Carlos B. Lopes,
Fernando G. Martins,
Madalena M. Dias
Affiliations
Cláudia F. Almeida
LSRE-LCM – Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering – Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; LEPABE – Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE – Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
Yaidelin A. Manrique
LSRE-LCM – Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering – Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE – Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; Corresponding author. LSRE-LCM – Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering – Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal.
José Carlos B. Lopes
LSRE-LCM – Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering – Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE – Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
Fernando G. Martins
LEPABE – Laboratory for Process Engineering, Environment, Biotechnology and Energy, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE – Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
Madalena M. Dias
LSRE-LCM – Laboratory of Separation and Reaction Engineering – Laboratory of Catalysis and Materials, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal; ALiCE – Associate Laboratory in Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, University of Porto, Rua Dr. Roberto Frias, 4200-465 Porto, Portugal
This work uses the response surface methodology to optimise ergosterol recovery from Agaricus bisporus mushrooms by supercritical fluid extraction. The influence of pressure, temperature, co-solvent use, and solvent-to-mushroom mass ratio was evaluated on yield and extract composition. Considering temperature, pressure, and co-solvent volume percentage, predictive models were regressed for extraction yield, ergosterol purity in the recovered fractions, and ergosterol recovery. The co-solvent volumetric fraction was the most influential factor, increasing the extraction yield and reducing the extract's ergosterol purity. A maximum ergosterol extract purity of (547.27 ± 2.37) mgergosterol·gextract‐1 was obtained at a pressure of 100 bar, temperature of 50 °C and co-solvent volume percentage of 5 % v/v. The highest ergosterol recovery was (6.23 ± 0.06) mgergosterol·gdw‐1 for operating conditions of 244 bar, 56 °C, and 8 % v/v of co-solvent. Coefficients of determination close to one were obtained for all models, indicating good agreement with experimental data.
