Study the effect of kidney stones on serum xanthine oxidase, ecto-5ʹ-nucleotidase activity and E3 SUMO-protein ligase NSE2 (NSMCE2) in Malaysian individuals

Abstract

Objective: To verify possible relations between 5ʹ-nucleotidase, xanthine oxidase to E3 small ubiquitin-like modifier-protein ligase non structural maintenance of chromosomes elements 2 in sera patients with kidney stones and to evaluate the possibility of a new biomarker for the evaluation of kidney damage. Methods: A sixty patients with known kidney stones who appeared the government health clinics in Kuantan–Pahang and fifty apparently healthy were taken as control group. The 5ʹ-nucleotidase, xanthine oxidase and other biochemical parameters were measured by colorimetric tests. The serum NSMCE2 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay. Results: The mean serum xanthine oxidase [(39.98 ± 19.70) IU/L] and ecto-5ʹ-nucleotidase activity (40.03 ± 9.53 IU/L) were significantly higher than the controls' levels of (18.04 ± 6.26) and (16.06 ± 4.61) IU/L respectively. There were 85.00% and 83.33%, of patients with kidney stones who had abnormal ecto-5ʹ-nucleotidase activity and uric acid respectively while xanthine oxidase activity was less sensitive 58.33%. Conclusions: The present study suggests that the increase in serum of xanthine oxidase,ecto-5ʹ-nucleotidase activities E3 small ubiquitin-like modifier-protein ligase NSE2 concentration can be used as biomarkers for diagnosis of kidney damage in patients with kidney stone, also in developments of change DNA damage and inflammation disorders in these patients.

Keywords

• Kidney stones
• Xanthine oxidase
• Ecto-5ʹ-nucleotidase
• E3 SUMO-protein ligase NSE2