The Scientific World Journal (Jan 2018)

10-Year Cardiovascular Disease Risk Estimation Based on Lipid Profile-Based and BMI-Based Framingham Risk Scores across Multiple Sociodemographic Characteristics: The Malaysian Cohort Project

  • Boekhtiar Borhanuddin,
  • Azmawati Mohd Nawi,
  • Shamsul Azhar Shah,
  • Noraidatulakma Abdullah,
  • Syed Zulkifli Syed Zakaria,
  • Mohd Arman Kamaruddin,
  • Chandralekah S. Velu,
  • Norliza Ismail,
  • Mohd Shaharom Abdullah,
  • Salywana Ahmad Kamat,
  • Afifah Awang,
  • Mariatul Akma Hamid,
  • Rahman Jamal

DOI
https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/2979206
Journal volume & issue
Vol. 2018

Abstract

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Cardiovascular disease (CVD) leads to high morbidity and mortality rate worldwide. Therefore, it is important to determine the risk of CVD across the sociodemographic factors to strategize preventive measures. The current study consisted of 53,122 adults between the ages of 35 and 65 years from The Malaysian Cohort project during recruitment phase from year 2006 to year 2012. Sociodemographic profile and physical activity level were assessed via self-reported questionnaire, whereas relevant CVD-related biomarkers and biophysical variables were measured to determine the Framingham Risk Score (FRS). The main outcome was the 10-year risk of CVD via FRS calculated based on lipid profile and body mass index (BMI) associated formulae. The BMI-based formula yielded a higher estimation of 10-year CVD risk than the lipid profile-based formula in the study for both males (median = 13.2% and 12.7%, respectively) and females (median = 4.3% and 4.2%, respectively). The subgroup with the highest risk for 10-year CVD events (based on both FRS formulae) was the Malay males who have lower education level and low physical activity level. Future strategies for the reduction of CVD risk should focus on screening via BMI-based FRS in this at-risk subpopulation to increase the cost-effectiveness of the prevention initiatives.