Frontiers in Pharmacology (Sep 2024)
Potential of traditional medicines in alleviating COVID-19 symptoms
- Moragot Chatatikun,
- Moragot Chatatikun,
- Moragot Chatatikun,
- Hiroko P. Indo,
- Hiroko P. Indo,
- Motoki Imai,
- Motoki Imai,
- Fumitaka Kawakami,
- Fumitaka Kawakami,
- Fumitaka Kawakami,
- Makoto Kubo,
- Makoto Kubo,
- Makoto Kubo,
- Yoshimasa Kitagawa,
- Hiroshi Ichikawa,
- Lunla Udomwech,
- Atthaphong Phongphithakchai,
- Orawan Sarakul,
- Orawan Sarakul,
- Suriyan Sukati,
- Suriyan Sukati,
- Voravuth Somsak,
- Voravuth Somsak,
- Takafumi Ichikawa,
- Takafumi Ichikawa,
- Wiyada Kwanhian Klangbud,
- Veeranoot Nissapatorn,
- Veeranoot Nissapatorn,
- Jitbanjong Tangpong,
- Jitbanjong Tangpong,
- Hideyuki J. Majima,
- Hideyuki J. Majima
Affiliations
- Moragot Chatatikun
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Moragot Chatatikun
- Center of Excellence Research for Melioidosis and Microorganisms, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Moragot Chatatikun
- Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Hiroko P. Indo
- Department of Oncology, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Kagoshima, Japan
- Hiroko P. Indo
- Amanogawa Galaxy Astronomy Research Center, Kagoshima University Graduate School of Engineering, Kagoshima, Japan
- Motoki Imai
- Department of Regulation Biochemistry, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
- Motoki Imai
- Department of Health Administration, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Fumitaka Kawakami
- Department of Regulation Biochemistry, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
- Fumitaka Kawakami
- Department of Health Administration, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Fumitaka Kawakami
- Regenerative Medicine and Cell Design Research Facility, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Makoto Kubo
- Department of Regulation Biochemistry, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
- Makoto Kubo
- Division of Microbiology, Kitasato University School of Allied Health Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
- Makoto Kubo
- 0Department of Environmental Microbiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Yoshimasa Kitagawa
- 1Oral Diagnosis and Medicine, Division of Oral Pathobiological Science, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan
- Hiroshi Ichikawa
- 2Graduate School of Life and Medical Sciences, Doshisha University, Kyoto, Japan
- Lunla Udomwech
- 3School of Medicine, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Atthaphong Phongphithakchai
- 4Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Prince of Songkla University, Songkhla, Thailand
- Orawan Sarakul
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Orawan Sarakul
- Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Suriyan Sukati
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Suriyan Sukati
- Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Voravuth Somsak
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Voravuth Somsak
- Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Takafumi Ichikawa
- Department of Regulation Biochemistry, Kitasato University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Sagamihara, Japan
- Takafumi Ichikawa
- Department of Health Administration, School of Allied Health Sciences, Kitasato University, Sagamihara, Japan
- Wiyada Kwanhian Klangbud
- 5Medical Technology Program, Faculty of Science, Nakhon Phanom University, Nakhon Phanom, Thailand
- Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Veeranoot Nissapatorn
- Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Jitbanjong Tangpong
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Jitbanjong Tangpong
- Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Hideyuki J. Majima
- School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- Hideyuki J. Majima
- Research Excellence Center for Innovation and Health Products (RECIHP), School of Allied Health Sciences, Walailak University, Nakhon Si Thammarat, Thailand
- DOI
- https://doi.org/10.3389/fphar.2024.1452616
- Journal volume & issue
-
Vol. 15
Abstract
This review discusses the prevention and treatment of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by infection with the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). Mutations in its spike glycoprotein have driven the emergence of variants with high transmissibility and immune escape capabilities. Some antiviral drugs are ineffective against the BA.2 subvariant at the authorized dose. Recently, 150 natural metabolites have been identified as potential candidates for development of new anti-COVID-19 drugs with higher efficacy and lower toxicity than those of existing therapeutic agents. Botanical drug-derived bioactive molecules have shown promise in dampening the COVID-19 cytokine storm and thus preventing pulmonary fibrosis, as they exert a strong binding affinity for viral proteins and inhibit their activity. The Health Ministry of Thailand has approved Andrographis paniculata (Jap. Senshinren) extracts to treat COVID-19. In China, over 85% of patients infected with SARS-CoV-2 receive treatments based on traditional Chinese medicine. A comprehensive map of the stages and pathogenetic mechanisms related to the disease and effective natural products to treat and prevent COVID-19 are presented. Approximately 10% of patients with COVID-19 are affected by long COVID, and COVID-19 infection impairs mitochondrial DNA. As the number of agents to treat COVID-19 is limited, adjuvant botanical drug treatments including vitamin C and E supplementation may reduce COVID-19 symptoms and inhibit progression to long COVID.
Keywords
