Unexpected relationships between vine vigor and grape composition in warm climate conditions

Abstract

Aim: The purpose of the research was to link vigor with grape composition in a climate change scenario. Methods and results: This work presents a 4-year study (from 2010 to 2013) in a non-irrigated Tempranillo vineyard located in La Rioja (Spain). It is based on the acquisition of multi-spectral imagery at véraison and a subsequent zoning in two different vigor zones based on NDVI (Normalized Difference Vegetation Index). All parameters related to vigor showed significant differences within the zones (total shoot length, leaf area, pruning weight). Unexpectedly, the content in anthocyanins was found to be higher in the highest vigor zone in most of the years of study, a point particularly discussed in this work. Conclusion: Climatic conditions may affect considerably bunch microclimate and disturb the biosynthetic pathways of major grape components, leading to maturation mismatches. In hotter years, high vigor vines may favor anthocyanin accumulation through shading and protecting effects in the bunch area. Significance and impact of the study: Many studies have shown a negative relationship between vigor and grape anthocyanins, but in the present research the opposite trend was observed in hot years.

Keywords

• climate change
• grape anthocyanins
• vine vigor
• NDVI
• bunch microclimate