The chromosome-scale genome of the raccoon dog: Insights into its evolutionary characteristics
Tianming Lan,
Haimeng Li,
Shangchen Yang,
Minhui Shi,
Lei Han,
Sunil Kumar Sahu,
Yaxian Lu,
Jiangang Wang,
Mengchao Zhou,
Hui Liu,
Junxuan Huang,
Qing Wang,
Yixin Zhu,
Li Wang,
Yanchun Xu,
Chuyu Lin,
Huan Liu,
Zhijun Hou
Affiliations
Tianming Lan
BGI Life Science Joint Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
Haimeng Li
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Shangchen Yang
College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Minhui Shi
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Lei Han
College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Sunil Kumar Sahu
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
Yaxian Lu
College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Jiangang Wang
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
Mengchao Zhou
College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China
Hui Liu
Key Laboratory of Genetics and Germplasm Innovation of Tropical Special Forest Trees and Ornamental Plants (Ministry of Education), College of Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China
Junxuan Huang
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China
Qing Wang
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Yixin Zhu
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; College of Life Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
Li Wang
College of Life Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
Yanchun Xu
BGI Life Science Joint Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Corresponding author
BGI Life Science Joint Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Genomics, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518083, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Genome Read and Write, BGI-Shenzhen, Shenzhen 518120, China; Corresponding author
Zhijun Hou
BGI Life Science Joint Research Center, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; College of Wildlife and Protected Area, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, China; Corresponding author
Summary: The raccoon dog (Nyctereutes procyonoides) is an invasive canid species native to East Asia with several distinct characteristics. Here, we report a chromosome-scale genome of the raccoon dog with high contiguity, completeness, and accuracy. The intact taste receptor genes, expanded gene families, and positively selected genes related to digestion, absorption, foraging, and detoxification likely support the omnivory of raccoon dogs. Several positively selected genes and raccoon dog-specific mutations in TDRD6 and ZP3 genes may explain their high reproductivity. Enriched GO terms in energy metabolism and positively selected immune genes were speculated to be closely related to the diverse immune system of raccoon dogs. In addition, we found that several expanded gene families and positively selected genes related to lipid metabolism and insulin resistance may contribute to winter sleep of the raccoon dog. This high-quality genome provides a valuable resource for understanding the evolutionary characteristics of this species.
