A Significant Role of Activation Energy and Fourier Flux on the Quadratically Radiated Sphere in Low and High Conductivity of Hybrid Nanoparticles

Abstract

Fluid flow through a sphere has practical applications in numerous areas of technology, for instance, mineralogy, food engineering, and oilfield drilling. The goal of this paper is to look at how quadratic thermal radiation and activation energy affect the dissipative flow of hybrid nanofluids around a sphere with the heat source parameter. bvp4c (a MATLAB in-built function) is used to solve a system of nonlinear ordinary differential equations, which is the transformed version of the system of governing equations. Using multiple linear regression, the effects of relevant parameters on the mass transfer rate, the Nusselt number, and the skin friction coefficient are investigated. The key findings of this study are that increasing the radiation parameter improves the fluid temperature and increasing the activation energy parameter improves the fluid concentration. When the Eckert number and the parameter of the heat source are increased, the convective heat transmission is reduced. It appears that the magnetic field parameter reduces the shear stress near the surface. It is discovered that increasing the volume percentage of nanoparticles increases the skin friction coefficient and increasing the Schmidt number increases the mass transfer rate. Furthermore, the current results are validated against previously published data.

Keywords

• hybrid nanofluid
• sphere
• quadratic thermal radiation
• multiple linear regression
• activation energy
• quadratic thermal convection