小桐子油乳状液制备的工艺优化及复配乳化剂 对其杀虫活性的影响Optimization of preparation of Jatropha curcas L. oil emulsion and effect of compound emulsifier on its insecticidal activity

Abstract

小桐子油不溶于水，若将小桐子油制备成杀虫剂，必须先将小桐子油乳化，制备稳定的小桐子油乳状液。研究复配乳化剂、乳化温度、乳化方式及增溶水量对小桐子油乳状液稳定时间的影响，并研究复配乳化剂对小桐子油乳状液杀虫活性的影响。结果表明，小桐子油乳状液制备的最佳工艺条件为复配乳化剂Tween-20/Span-60（0.12/0.88），乳化温度20~30 ℃，乳化方式为先将复配乳化剂加入油相，再将水加入油相后搅拌均匀，增溶水量27.5%。在最佳工艺条件下，小桐子油乳状液的稳定时间为55 d,在小桐子油乳状液质量浓度为0.10 mg/mL时，试虫72 h的死亡率为99.06%。小桐子油乳状液的杀虫活性随稳定时间的延长而增强。 Jatropha curcas L. oil is insoluble in water. If Jatropha curcas L. oil is applied to prepare pesticides in agriculture, the Jatropha curcas L. oil need to be emulsified to prepare stable Jatropha curcas L. oil emulsion. The effects of compound emulsifiers, emulsification temperature, emulsification method and solubilization water amount on the stable time of Jatropha curcas L. oil emulsion were studied, and the effect of compound emulsifier on the insecticidal activity of Jatropha curcas L. oil emulsion was studied. The results showed that the optimal emulsification conditions of Jatropha curcas L. oil emulsion were obtained as follows: compound emulsifier Tween-20/Span-60 with mass ratio of 0.12/0.88, emulsification temperature 20-30 ℃，emusification method of adding the compound emulsifier into the oil phase,then adding the water into the oil phase and stirring uniformly, and solubilization water amount 27.5%.Under these conditions, the stable time of Jatropha curcas L. oil emulsion was 55 d. When the mass concentration of Jatropha curcas L. oil emulsion was 0.10 mg/mL, the 72 h mortality rate of the test insects was 99.06%. The insecticidal activity of Jatropha curcas L. oil emulsion increased with the prolonging of stable time.

Keywords

• 小桐子油；乳状液；复配乳化剂；稳定时间；杀虫活性
• jatropha curcas l. oil; emulsion; compound emulsifier; stable time; insecticidal activity