Hydrochemical Facies Description to Assess the Groundwater Quality in Southern Part of Haditha District, Iraq

Abstract

The current study explains the hydrochemical processes controlling the variance in the hydrochemical facies for eighteen samples obtained from the study area. The groundwater samples were analyzed for the major ions "cations and anions" data in mg/l, total dissolved solids (TDS) in mg/l, electrical conductivity (EC) in μS/cm, pH unit less, and temperature in °C. Piper trilinear (three-line) diagram indicates the overall of samples belong to class 1 (Ca2+, Mg2+, Cl-, SO42-), category I (SO42- - Cl- and Ca2+ - Mg2+) and permanent total hardness (calcium chloride type). The contribution of cations in the study area was different percentages (dominant cation sodium (Na+)), while the sulfate (SO42-) is the dominant ion of the groundwater in the study area. The analytical values showed that overall the samples were brackish water and high enrichment salts within the impermissible limits of the World Health Organization standards. Irrigation parameters and water quality index were calculated for samples to assess water for agricultural and drinking uses for the inhabitants of the study area. The basic exchange is the exchange of sodium (Na+) and potassium (K+) ions in water with magnesium (Mg2+) and calcium (Ca2+) ions in materials which are exposed to weathering.