STAGES IN THE GLOBALIZATION PROCESS: 1980 – 2020

Abstract

The process of globalization has passed through several stages since the end of the Second World War. This paper focuses on the period 1980-2020, and identifies a number of factors of influence that have led to the differentiation of 3 subperiods, i.e.: (1) 1980-2008: a subperiod of dynamic evolution and maturity of globalization; (2) 2008-2016: a subperiod of differentiation among players in the world economy and of erosion of the existing world order; and (3) 2016-2020: a subperiod of transition towards a new world order and a new type of globalization. During this last 2016-2020 subperiod, several trends and phenomena have been at work in outlinig the beginning of a moment of discontinuity. The conclusion is that globalization entered after 2016, and particularly after the Covid-19 crisis, into a new stage, with new characteristics that require both awareness nationally and cooperation internationally.

Keywords

• globalization
• world order
• balance of power
• globality
• deglobalization