IT business as an object of financial management

Abstract

Introduction. The article examines the issue of business in the field of information technologies from the point of view of financial management by clarifying the essence of information technologies as a type of business, and defining the features of typical business models and forms of business organization. Scientific works of domestic and foreign scientists (dissertations, monographs, articles, materials of conferences and seminars) on the problems of IT business development became the information base of the research. The methodological basis of the research was general scientific and special research methods, in particular: abstraction (focusing on the main characteristics of IT business finances); analysis (decomposing the software development process into components and studying the impact of finance on each element); comparison and analogy (identification of typical IT business models). Purpose. The purpose of the article is to reveal the content of business in the field of information technologies as an object of financial management through clarification of the essence of information technologies as a type of business, definition of features of typical business models and forms of business organization. Results. According to the results of the data analysis of the National Repository of Academic Texts, only 10 dissertation works in the field of economic sciences, focused on the problems of IT business in Ukraine, were found, which showed the insufficient level of attention of scientists to this type of activity. It was proposed to consider IT business as an entrepreneurial activity in the field of information collection, storage, processing and distribution. It was justified that it is expedient to expand the IT industry beyond Section 62 "Computer programming, consulting and related activities" Classifier of types of economic activity, which allows showing the role of the industry in the economy in a more accurate way. The stages of the software life cycle (Analysis, Design, Development, Testing, Deployment, Maintenance) are considered, with the allocation of a key IT specialist for each of the stages, with the ability to compare the cost of each with the elements of the software development process. Conclusions. The study of issues of typical business models (outstaffing, outsourcing, product model, startup) and organizational and legal forms of business (activities of an individual entrepreneur, limited liability company, joint-stock company) made it possible to highlight the peculiarities of IT business as a unity of the object of financial management (a high level of client orientation, where through using a lot of various payment systems and cryptocurrencies; the key role of human capital and the high costs of labour and services of IT specialists; the significant impact of currency risk; flexibility in the allocation of resources; special legal and tax regime of Diya.City).

Keywords

• information technologies
• finance
• financial management
• digital economy