Effects of Different No-Ozone Cold Plasma Treatment Methods on Mouse Osteoblast Proliferation and Differentiation

Abstract

Background and Objectives: Enhanced osteoblast differentiation may be leveraged to prevent and treat bone-related diseases such as osteoporosis. No-ozone cold plasma (NCP) treatment is a promising and safe strategy to enhance osteoblast differentiation. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the effectiveness of direct and indirect NCP treatment methods on osteoblast differentiation. Mouse osteoblastic cells (MC3T3-E1) were treated with NCP using different methods, i.e., no NCP treatment (NT group; control), direct NCP treatment (DT group), direct NCP treatment followed by media replacement (MC group), and indirect treatment with NCP-treated media only (PAM group). Materials and Methods: The MC3T3-E1 cells were subsequently assessed for cell proliferation, alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition, and ALP and osteocalcin mRNA expression using real-time polymerase chain reaction. Results: Cell proliferation significantly increased in the NCP-treated groups (DT and PAM; MC and PAM) compared to the NT group after 24 h (p p p p p p p p Conclusions: The MC group exhibited enhanced osteoblast differentiation, indicating that direct NCP treatment followed by media replacement is the most effective method for promoting bone formation.

Keywords

• alkaline phosphatase
• mouse osteoblast
• no-ozone cold plasma
• osteoblast differentiation
• osteocalcin