Characterization of Sintered Aluminium Reinforced with Ultrafine Tungsten Carbide Particles

Abstract

The strengthening effect on aluminium (Al) by ultrafine particles of tungsten carbide (WC) after compacting and sintering was evaluated. The Al-1 vol.% WC mixture was prepared through a high-speed stirring technique, called assisted sonication. In this study, the effects of compacting, sintering temperature and holding time were evaluated by composite microstructural characterization and by mechanical tests. The characterizations involved electron dispersive spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction techniques for phase identification; electron backscattered diffraction for crystallographic analysis; backscattered electrons and secondary electrons imaging for failure and wear studies. In all composites, hardness was determined; for the hardest composite, the tensile strength, flexural strength and ball scattering wear resistance were also evaluated. The Al-1 vol.% WC composite produced by assisted sonication, densified by cold compacting at 152 MPa and sintered at 640 °C for 2 h at 5 × 10−4 Pa (high vacuum) exhibited the highest hardness, associated with an acceptable ductile behavior. This strengthening was associated with the formation of Al12W and grain refinement.

Keywords

• aluminium
• ultrafine tungsten carbide
• sintering
• strengthening
• mechanical properties
• microstructure