Механика машин, механизмов и материалов (Jun 2017)
Physical and Chemical Structure Analysis for the Composition of Materials: from Chemistry Disorder to Thermodynamics of Unbalanced Structures
Abstract
The stages of the development of the physicochemical foundations of materials science are revealed, and the state and prospects of the development of nanostructured material science based on a comprehensive study of the structure of matter at various scale levels are determined. The use of complex analysis of the formation of material structures is characterized by traditional for chemistry and physics study of the balance of matter and energy flows, supplemented by an analysis of entropy formation and by physical and chemical analysis of combinatorial topology used to describe non-equilibrium phase transitions as well as by based on the synergetic approach percolation representations of fractal geometry, used to describe a complex of structures. It is shown that for the study of non-equilibrium processes of synthesis and application of micro- and nanostructured materials it is expedient to supplement the principles of physicochemical analysis: continuity principle — by considering additionally energy dissipation in the formation of structures and phases; correspondence principle — by fractal representations of geometric images; compatibility principle — by the study of possible ways of evolution of the system. This allows quantitative analyzing of transient processes described by non-integer values of the degrees of freedom of the system and the emerging structures with multi-fractal phase parameters.
