Green Extraction Approach for Isolation of Bioactive Compounds in Wild Thyme (<i>Thymus serpyllum</i> L.) Herbal Dust—Chemical Profile, Antioxidant and Antimicrobial Activity and Comparison with Conventional Techniques
Živan Mrkonjić,
Muammer Kaplan,
Sanja Milošević,
Danica Božović,
Aleksandra Sknepnek,
Dunja Miletić,
Ivana Lazarević Mrkonjić,
Dušan Rakić,
Zoran Zeković,
Branimir Pavlić
Affiliations
Živan Mrkonjić
Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
Muammer Kaplan
TUBITAK Marmara Research Centre, Institute of Chemical Technology, P.O. Box 21, 41470 Gebze, Kocaeli, Turkey
Sanja Milošević
Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
Danica Božović
Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
Aleksandra Sknepnek
Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Food Technology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Dunja Miletić
Faculty of Agriculture, Institute of Food Technology and Biochemistry, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
Ivana Lazarević Mrkonjić
Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
Dušan Rakić
Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
Zoran Zeković
Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
Branimir Pavlić
Faculty of Technology, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar Cara Lazara 1, 21000 Novi Sad, Serbia
The aim of this study was to provide a chemical profile and determine the antioxidant and antimicrobial activity of the essential oil (EO) and lipid extracts of Thymus serpyllum L. herbal dust obtained via conventional (hydrodistillation (HD) and Soxhlet extraction (SOX)) and novel extraction techniques (supercritical fluid extraction (SFE)). In addition, a comparative analysis of the chemical profiles of the obtained EO and extracts was carried out, as well as the determination of antioxidant, antibacterial and antifungal activity of the lipid extracts. According to the aforementioned antioxidant and antimicrobial activities and the monoterpene yield and selectivity, SFE provided significant advantages compared to the traditional techniques. In addition, SFE extracts could be considered to have great potential in terms of their utilization in the pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries, as well as appropriate replacements for synthetic additives in the food industry.
