A systemic analysis reveals TRIM24-SMARCC1 dependent poor prognosis of hepatocellular carcinoma

Abstract

The role of TRIM24 in HCC and the mechanisms underlying the dysregulated expression of TRIM24 is poorly understood. Here, we systematically analyzed TRIM24 expression and its prognostic role in HCC using various open databases. More precisely, we found an up-regulated gene expression profile of TRIM24 in hepatocellular carcinoma by using Oncomine, cBioPortal, TCGA, and the Human Protein Atlas. The higher expression of TRIM24 is allied with various clinicopathological conditions such as cancer stages, tumor grade, nodal metastasis status, histological subtypes, and also mutant TP53 status based on the TCGA database. In addition to the mRNA expression profile, the correlation between mRNA expression and TRIM24 promoter methylation is entrenched using TCGA datasets from the UALCAN web and subsequently, we examined the liaison of TRIM24 promoter methylation with different clinicopathological conditions in HCC patients. We also clarified a negative correlation of the TRIM24 mRNA expression with antioxidant responsive genes using the TCGA cBioPortal database. Data mining via Kaplan-Meier Plotter and the Human Protein Atlas symbolized a positive tie-up among the higher TRIM24 gene expression, protein expression, and poor survival of HCC patients. Besides, we also identified a highly co-expressed gene, SMARCC1 with TRIM24 in the most predominant correlation fashion in HCC using UALCAN, cBioPortal, UCSC Xena database. Finally, we identified the co-expressed genes with gene oncological features, signaling pathways, and ENCODE ChIP-seq coordination in HCC development. Altogether, this study establishes that elevated TRIM24 expression might accelerate the cancer progression and poor prognosis in HCC patients in a concerted fashion with SMARCC1 expression, which would allow them as a potential therapeutic biomarker in HCC cases.

Keywords

• Hepatocellular carcinoma
• TRIM24
• SMARCC1
• Poor prognosis