Majallah-i Dānishgāh-i ̒Ulūm-i Pizishkī-i Bābul (Mar 2024)
The Osteogenic Effect of Zingerone on Human Umbilical Cord Stem Cells via miR-590 and Smad7 Expressions
Abstract
Background and Objective: The Osteoblast differentiation is an essential process that causes bone stability and homeostasis. Zingerone (ZG) 4-(4-hydroxy-3-methoxyphenyl)-2-butanone isolated from the ginger plant is involved in many biological processes and can be used to treat diseases as an anti-inflammatory and antidiabetic agent. This study aims to identify ZG potential to bone tissue regeneration by investigating the effect of Zingerone on human umbilical cord stem cells (hUC-MSCs) and their differentiation into osteoblasts. Methods: In this cross-sectional study, the effect of Zingerone toxicity on 2×106 hUC-MSCs cells was investigated in 4 groups; one control group without any ZG and 3 groups threated with 50µM, 100µM and 200µM ZG. Cell viability was evaluated by the MTT method after 24, 48 and 72 hours. The gene expression of miR-590 and Smad7 and differentiation markers such as Osterix (OSX) and runt-related transcription factor 2 (RUNX2) were investigated by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). The expression level of this enzyme was checked by an alkaline phosphatase (ALP) reaction. Findings: Zingerone has significant proliferative effects on hUC-MSCs cells in 200µM (p<0.05). Zingerone positively affects the differentiation process of osteoblasts by influencing the expression of specific markers such as ALP (p<0.05 in 200µM), RUNX2 (p<0.001 in 200µM), and OSX (p<0.001). The expression of miR-590 is increased in 200µM (p<0.05), while that of Smad7 is decreased under the influence of different Zingerone concentrations (p<0.001). In fact, miR-590 suppresses Smad7 and helps the differentiation of osteoblast cells. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that Zingron causes the differentiation of osteoblast cells by increasing the expression of specific markers of osteoblasts (OSX, RUNX2 and ALP). In addition, increasing the expression of miR-590 suppresses Smad7 and helps the differentiation of osteoblast cells.
