THE GIS MODELING OF THE TERRAIN FAVORABILITY FOR THE PLACEMENT OF CONSTRUCTIONS IN THE AREAS WITH HYDRO-GEOMORPHOLOGICAL RISK

Abstract

The placement of constructions in the areas subjected to hydrogeomorphological hazards is a global issue. Problems of hydrogeomorphological risk are registered between the communes of Broșteni and Poiana Teiului. For the analysis of the construction’s favorability, we analyzed the following elements: the elevation model of the terrain, the declivity, the usage of the land, the depth of the terrain’s fragmentation, and the terrain’s vulnerability to floods. The map of the slopes, together with the guide for the application of the construction’s placement regulations, highlight the morphological favorability for the placement of constructions. The map of land usage was realized based on the orthophoto map realized in 2012, and on the topographic and cadastral plans (1981) on a 1:5000 scale. The distribution of the categories of usage in the territory represents a significant parameter for the evaluation of the susceptibility of the manifestation of hydrogeomorphological processes with a negative impact. The map of flooding risk was realized in order to highlight the destructive potential of the floodplains, with a probability of 1% and 5%. The depth of the terrain fragmentation reflects the altitudinal steps from the level of the minor river bed towards the meadow section and towards the slope so that the favorability of the construction will be highlighted (according to the legal stipulations). The placement of constructions in the proximity of the minor river bed can be observed. This is due to the existence of large slopes on the largest part of the valley sector. Unfortunately, the lower meadows of the terraces do not represent the most favorable placement location of houses, because they are subject to floods, especially to the associated ones (rising levels of water and thaw formation).

Keywords

• floods
• major river bed
• reservoir
• thaw formation
• villages