Co-Immunization Efficacy of Recombinant Antigens against <i>Rhipicephalus microplus</i> and <i>Hyalomma anatolicum</i>Tick Infestations
Balasamudram Chandrasekhar Parthasarathi,
Binod Kumar,
S. K. Bhure,
Anil Kumar Sharma,
Manisha,
Gaurav Nagar,
Sachin Kumar,
Abhijit Nandi,
Haranahally Vasanthachar Manjunathachar,
Gajanan M. Chigure,
Mukesh Shakya,
Muthu Sankar,
José de la Fuente,
Srikant Ghosh
Affiliations
Balasamudram Chandrasekhar Parthasarathi
Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India
Binod Kumar
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Kamdhenu University, Junagadh 362001, India
S. K. Bhure
Division of Biochemistry, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India
Anil Kumar Sharma
Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India
Manisha
Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India
Gaurav Nagar
Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India
Sachin Kumar
Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India
Abhijit Nandi
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary & Animal Sciences, West Bengal University of Animal & Fishery Sciences, Kolkata 700037, India
Haranahally Vasanthachar Manjunathachar
ICMR-National Animal Resource Facility for Biomedical Research (NARFBR), Hyderabad 500078, India
Gajanan M. Chigure
Department of Parasitology, College of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Maharashtra Animal and Fishery Sciences University, Parbhani 431402, India
Mukesh Shakya
Department of Veterinary Parasitology, College of Veterinary Science & Animal Husbandry, Nanaji Deshmukh Veterinary Science University, Mhow 453446, India
Muthu Sankar
Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India
José de la Fuente
SaBio, Instituto de Investigación en Recursos Cinegéticos IREC (CSIC-UCLMJCCM), 13005 Ciudad Real, Spain
Srikant Ghosh
Entomology Laboratory, Division of Parasitology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly 243122, India
The immunoprophylactic management of ticks is the most effective option to control tick infestations and counter spread the acaricide resistance problem worldwide. Several researchers reported an inconsistent efficacy of the single antigen-based immunization of hosts against different tick species. In the present study, to develop a multi-target immunization protocol, proteins from Rhipicephalus microplus BM86 and Hyalomma anatolicum subolesin (SUB) and tropomyosin (TPM) were targeted to evaluate the cross-protective potential. The sequence identities of the BM86, SUB, and TPM coding genes amongst Indian tick isolates of targeted species were 95.6–99.8%, 98.7–99.6%, and 98.9–99.9%, respectively, while at the predicted amino acid level, the identities were 93.2 to 99.5, 97.6 to 99.4, and 98.2 to 99.3%. The targeted genes were expressed in the eukaryotic expression system, pKLAC2-Kluyveromyces lactis, and 100 µg each of purified recombinant protein (Bm86-89 kDa, SUB-21 kDa, and TPM-36 kDa) mixed with adjuvant was injected individually through the intramuscular route at different sites of the body on days 0, 30, and 60 to immunize cross-bred cattle. Post-immunization, a statistically significant (p R. microplus and H. anatolicum and theadults of H. anatolicum, and a significant vaccine efficacy of 87.2% and 86.2% against H. anatolicum larvae and adults, respectively, and 86.7% against R. microplus was obtained. The current study provides significant support to develop a multi-antigen vaccine against cattle tick species.
