Association between olfactory sulcus morphology and olfactory functioning in schizophrenia and psychosis high-risk status
Tsutomu Takahashi,
Mihoko Nakamura,
Daiki Sasabayashi,
Yumiko Nishikawa,
Yoichiro Takayanagi,
Atsushi Furuichi,
Mikio Kido,
Yuko Mizukami,
Shimako Nishiyama,
Yuko Higuchi,
Takahiro Tateno,
Hiroko Itoh,
Kyo Noguchi,
Yuri Masaoka,
Michio Suzuki
Affiliations
Tsutomu Takahashi
Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan; Corresponding author.
Mihoko Nakamura
Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
Daiki Sasabayashi
Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
Yumiko Nishikawa
Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
Yoichiro Takayanagi
Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
Atsushi Furuichi
Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
Mikio Kido
Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
Yuko Mizukami
Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
Shimako Nishiyama
Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
Yuko Higuchi
Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
Takahiro Tateno
Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
Hiroko Itoh
Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
Kyo Noguchi
Department of Radiology, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
Yuri Masaoka
Department of Physiology, Showa University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
Michio Suzuki
Department of Neuropsychiatry, University of Toyama Graduate School of Medicine and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2630 Sugitani, Toyama, 930-0194, Japan
Olfactory impairment has been reported in patients with schizophrenia and individuals with a high risk of psychosis, but its neural basis is largely unknown. We used magnetic resonance imaging to investigate the morphology of the olfactory sulcus (an indicator of olfactory system development) and its relation to olfactory function in 38 persons with an at-risk mental state (ARMS), 62 patients with schizophrenia, and 61 healthy controls. Odor detection and identification were examined with a T & T olfactometer. Compared with the controls, the olfactory sulcus was significantly shallower and odor identification was inferior among the ARMS and schizophrenia subjects. Across all subjects, but not within each group, the olfactory sulcus depth was significantly related to better identification of odors. Our results support the concept that olfactory sulcus morphology reflects the neurodevelopmental process of the olfactory system.
