The present work is aimed at studying the surface cytocompatibility of porous NiTi obtained by self-propagating high temperature synthesis (SHS), and then annealed in air at 500–1000 °C. Using cytotoxicity tests in vitro, it was found that the cells had attached to the oxidized surface in the amount sufficient for their growth and proliferation on the substrate. The surfaces of the annealed samples and the control sample were studied by XRD, SEM and optical microscopy. It was found that there is a correlation between cell hemolysis and nickel-containing phases on the surface. Thus, annealing at 500–700 °C worsens cytocompatibility compared to the control sample, but annealing at 800–1000 °C improves cytocompatibility.
