Impact of estrogen on morphology and programmed cell death in the meibomian glands of rats

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objective: To examine the relationship between hormonal changes, particularly estrogen, and lacrimal gland function in dry eye syndrome using a surgically induced menopausal rat model. Methods: Twenty-four female rats were divided into four groups: control, ovariectomized, ovariectomized with estrogen replacement, and ovariectomized with phytoestrogen replacement. Rats with regular estrous cycles were selected via vaginal cytology. Ovariectomy was performed on ovariectomized groups, and ovariectomized with estrogen replacement and ovariectomized with phytoestrogen replacement groups received hormonal interventions. Histological analysis assessed collagen content, cellular volume, and apoptosis in lacrimal gland tissues. Results: Collagen content significantly decreased in the ovariectomized group compared to control, emphasizing the importance of tissue integrity. Cellular volume increased in ovariectomized with estrogen replacement and ovariectomized with phytoestrogen replacement groups, indicating hormonal influence. Apoptosis levels varied, with higher levels in ovariectomized and ovariectomized with estrogen replacement groups, while ovariectomized with phytoestrogen replacement resembled Control Group. Conclusion: Estrogen likely modulates lacrimal gland function and tear film stability. Collagen content underscores tissue's integrity role in gland function.

Keywords

• Meibomian gland dysfunction
• Dry eye syndromes
• Lacrimal apparatus
• Estrogens