International Journal of Nanomedicine (Aug 2020)
Growth Factor and Its Polymer Scaffold-Based Delivery System for Cartilage Tissue Engineering
Abstract
Li Chen,1,2,* Jiaxin Liu,1,* Ming Guan,2,3 Tongqing Zhou,2 Xin Duan,1 Zhou Xiang1 1Department of Orthopedics, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, People’s Republic of China; 2School of Dentistry, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, 48109, USA; 3Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Xin Duan Tel +86-28-85422426Email [email protected] Xiang Tel +86-28-85422605Email [email protected]: The development of biomaterials, stem cells and bioactive factors has led to cartilage tissue engineering becoming a promising tactic to repair cartilage defects. Various polymer three-dimensional scaffolds that provide an extracellular matrix (ECM) mimicking environment play an important role in promoting cartilage regeneration. In addition, numerous growth factors have been found in the regenerative process. However, it has been elucidated that the uncontrolled delivery of these factors cannot fully exert regenerative potential and can also elicit undesired side effects. Considering the complexity of the ECM, neither scaffolds nor growth factors can independently obtain successful outcomes in cartilage tissue engineering. Therefore, collectively, an appropriate combination of growth factors and scaffolds have great potential to promote cartilage repair effectively; this approach has become an area of considerable interest in recent investigations. Of late, an increasing trend was observed in cartilage tissue engineering towards this combination to develop a controlled delivery system that provides adequate physical support for neo-cartilage formation and also enables spatiotemporally delivery of growth factors to precisely and fully exert their chondrogenic potential. This review will discuss the role of polymer scaffolds and various growth factors involved in cartilage tissue engineering. Several growth factor delivery strategies based on the polymer scaffolds will also be discussed, with examples from recent studies highlighting the importance of spatiotemporal strategies for the controlled delivery of single or multiple growth factors in cartilage tissue engineering applications.Keywords: polymer scaffold, growth factor, delivery, cartilage repair
