Focusing a second-order cylindrical vector beam with a gradient index Mikaelian lens

Abstract

In this paper, we numerically simulate the focusing of a second-order cylindrical vector beam with a gradient index Mikaelian lens. It is shown that the lens forms a region of the reverse energy flow near its output surface. If the lens has an on-axis micropit, the region of the direct energy flow can be confined within the lens material, whereas that of the reverse energy flow is put out in free space.

Keywords

• poynting vector
• energy backflow
• gradient index lens
• cylindrical vector beam
• scattering force