Arquivos Brasileiros de Cardiologia (May 2007)
Qualidade de vida após revascularização cirúrgica do miocárdio, angioplastia ou tratamento clínico Quality of life after surgical myocardial revascularization, angioplasty or medical treatment
Abstract
FUNDAMENTO: Ainda que os benefícios clínicos das intervenções coronarianas parecem confirmados, seus efeitos na qualidade de vida (QV) permanecem pouco estudados. OBJETIVO: Avaliar a qualidade de vida (QV) na doença multiarterial coronariana em pacientes submetidos randomicamente a cirurgia, angioplastia ou tratamento clínico. MÉTODOS: Foi utilizando Short-Form Health Survey (SF36) questionnaire em 483 pacientes. Desses, 161 foram revascularizados; 166 receberam angioplastia e 153 tiveram tratamento clínico. RESULTADOS: Na internação, 86% referiam angina; 34%, infarto; e 32% fumavam. Tratamento clínico: 12 pacientes (7,7%) tiveram infarto agudo do miocárdio (IAM); 24 (15,3%) receberam cirurgia; e 19 (12,1%) morreram. Além disso, cinco (3,2%) sofreram AVC e 40 (25,6%) tinham angina. No componente mental, 64,1% melhoram e 30,8% pioram a condição. No componente físico, 70,5% melhoram e 27,6% pioram a condição. Cirurgia: 13 pacientes (8,1%) tiveram IAM, dois (1,2%) receberam cirurgia; 12 (7,4%) morreram. Em adição, nove (5,6%) sofreram AVC e 30 (18,6%) sofriam angina. No componente mental, 72,7% melhoram e 25,5% pioram a condição. No componente físico, 82,6% melhoram e 16,1% pioram a condição. Angioplastia: 18 pacientes (10,9%) tiveram IAM, 51 (30,7%) receberam intervenções e 18 (19,9%) morreram. Além disso, seis (3,6%) sofreram AVC e 35 (21%) relatavam angina. No componente mental, 66,9% melhoram e 26,5% pioram a condição No componente físico, 77,1% melhoram e 20,5% pioram a condição. CONCLUSÃO: Observou-se melhora em todos os domínios e nas três opções terapêuticas. Comparativamente, a cirurgia ofereceu melhor qualidade de vida após quatro anos de seguimento.BACKGROUND: Although the clinical benefits of coronary interventions seem to be confirmed, their effects on quality of life (QoL) are still scarcely studied. OBJECTIVE: To assess the QoL in multivessel coronary disease in patients randomly undergoing surgery, angioplasty or medical treatment. METHODS: The Short-Form Health Survey (SF-36) questionnaire was answered by 483 patients. Of these, 161 underwent surgical revascularization, 166 underwent angioplasty, and 153 were medically treated. RESULTS: At baseline, 86% of the patients referred angina, 34% referred infarction, and 32% were smokers. Medical Treatment: 12 patients (7.7%) had AMI, 24 (15.3%) underwent surgery, and 19 (12.1%) died. In addition, 5 (3.2%) had stroke, and 40 (25.6%) had angina. As regards the mental component, 64.1% and 30.8% had their condition improved and worsened, respectively. As regards the physical component, 70.5% and 27.6% had their condition improved and worsened, respectively. Surgery: 13 patients (8.1%) had AMI, 2 (1.2%) underwent surgery, and 12(7.4%) died. Also, 9 (5.6%) had stroke and 30 (18.6%) had angina. As regards the mental component, 72.7 % and 25.5% had their condition improved and worsened, respectively. As regards the physical component, 82.6% and 16.1% had their condition improved and worsened, respectively. Angioplasty: 18 patients (10.9%) had AMI, 51 (30.7%) underwent interventions, and 18 (19.9%) died. Additionally, six (3.6%) presented stroke and 35 (21%) reported angina. As regards the mental component, 66.9% and 26.5% had their condition improved and worsened, respectively. As regards the physical component, 77.1% and 20.5% had their condition improved and worsened, respectively. CONCLUSION: Improvement was observed in all domains and in the three therapeutic modalities. Comparatively, surgery had provided a better quality of life after a four-year follow-up.
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