Revista Brasileira de Terapia Intensiva (Jun 2006)
Pacientes clínicos referenciados, mas não internados na Unidade de Terapia Intensiva: prevalência, características clínicas e prognóstico Referred medical patients not admitted to the Intensive Care Unit: prevalence, clinical characteristics and prognosis
Abstract
JUSTIFICATIVA E OBJETIVOS: A evolução dos pacientes cuja internação é negada nos centros de terapia intensiva (CTI) é pouco conhecida. Os objetivos deste estudo foram comparar as características dos pacientes internados com aqueles que não foram internados em CTI e identificar os fatores associados com o processo de triagem para a internação. MÉTODO: Foi realizado um estudo do tipo coorte prospectiva e observacional durante 26 meses. Os dados dos pacientes foram coletados através de um formulário padronizado para a solicitação de internação no CTI. Os desfechos de interesse do estudo foram a internação no CTI e a evolução hospitalar. RESULTADOS: Foram estudados 455 pacientes dos quais 254 (56%) foram internados e 201 (44%) não; a maioria destes, por falta de vagas (82%). Os pacientes não internados apresentaram maior letalidade (85% versus 61%; p 70 anos [4,0(2,4-6,5)], cirrose hepática [3,7(1,8-7,5)], e escala de coma de Glasgow BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Information on the outcomes of patients who were refused to the ICU is limited. The aims of this study were to compare the clinical characteristics of patients who were admitted with those of patients who were refused to the ICU and to identify clinical parameters associated with triage procedures. METHODS: Observational prospective cohort study. The following data were collected using a standard questionnaire: comorbidities, acute illness, vital status, laboratory data and APACHE II score. The end-points of interest were admission to the ICU and vital status at hospital discharge. RESULTS: A total of 455 patients were studied; 254 (56%) were admitted and 201 (44%) were not. The main reason for the refuse of admission was the lack of ICU beds (82%). Patients who were not admitted had a higher mortality (85% vs. 61%; p 70 years [4.0(2.4-6.5)], hepatic cirrhosis [3.7(1.8-7.6)], and Glasgow coma scale < 5 [3.6(1.9-6.9)]. The variables associated with ICU admission were: mechanical ventilation [0.5(0.3-0.7)] and acute coronary syndromes [0.1(0.03-0.6)]. CONCLUSIONS: Refusal of ICU admission is frequent and generally as a consequence of ICU beds shortage. Patients who were not admitted had a higher mortality. Clinical characteristics associated with the refusal of admission were identified suggesting that they are used in clinical decision-making for ICU triage.
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