Hardfacing of metals: A review of consumables, properties and strengthening processes

Abstract

Hardfacing, a surface engineering technology, is employed to repair or enhance metal surfaces by applying a protective layer through various methods so as to promote durability, along with performance enhancement, including wear resistance, corrosion resistance, erosion resistance, and high-temperature oxidation resistance, among other critical properties. This technology significantly extends the lifespan of components subjected to abrasive, corrosive, or high-impact environments, thereby reducing maintenance costs and improving operational efficiency. This article provides a comprehensive review of various hardfacing technologies, detailing the feedstock materials utilised in diverse applications. It also explores emerging advancements in hardfacing techniques and strengthening processes, as well as evaluating potential future directions in the field of hardfacing technology. Optimizing harfacing processes, designing new materials and the combination with simulations are considered to be explored to facilitate the development of hardfacing.

Keywords

• Hardfacing
• Maintenance and repairing
• Optimized processes
• Wear resistance