Long-term dynamics of erosion and channel processes on the territory of Udmurtia

Abstract

This paper presents the data of long-term observations of gully erosion (1978-2023) and channel processes (2000-2023) on the territory of Udmurtia. Quantitative indices of gully top growth rates at 28 sites for different periods have been compared by types and composition of eroded. Average and maximum rates of their growth are given here. The study of river channel scour at 55 sites in different landscapes has been resulted. To analyze the results, the rivers have been divided into 4 groups according to the magnitude of their orders (according to A. Scheidegger's model). Linear, area and volume indices of scour in ravines and channels of small watercourses have been calculated on the basis of geodetic surveys using electronic total stations and unmanned aerial vehicles.