Quality indicators of intravenous thrombolysis from North India

Abstract

Background: Data on intravenous (IV) thrombolysis using tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) are limited from low- and middle-income countries. We aimed to assess the quality indicators of IV thrombolysis in our stroke unit. Methods All stroke patients admitted in our hospital from October 2008 to April 2017 were included in this study. Data were collected prospectively by trained research staff in a detailed case record form. Outcome was assessed using modified Rankin Scale (mRS, 0–1 good outcome). Results: Of the total 4720 stroke patients seen, 944 (20%) came within window period (<4.5 h). Of these, 214 (4.5%) were eligible for thrombolysis and 170 (3.6%) were thrombolysed, relatives of 23 (23/214, 10.7%) patients denied consent, and 21 (9.8%) patients could not afford tPA. The mean age of thrombolysed patients was 58.4 (range 19–95) years. Median NIHSS at admission was 12 (interquartile range 2–24). Average onset-to-door (O-D) time was 76.8 (5–219) min, door-to-examination (D-E) time was 17.8 (5–105) min, door-to-CT (D-CT) time was 48 (1–205) min, and door-to-needle (D-N) time was 90 (20–285) min. At 6 months, 110 (64.7%) patients were contactable and 82 (74.5%) patients had good outcome (mRS 0–1). Conclusion: Thrombolysis rate has steadily increased at the center without undue adverse effects even in the elderly. D-E and D-CT times have reduced, but O-D and D-N times need further improvement. More patients could be thrombolysed if the cost of tPA is reduced and the consent process is waived.

Keywords

• Door-to-CT time
• door-to-examination time
• door-to-needle time
• low- and middle-income countries
• onset-to-door time
• tissue plasminogen activator