Journal of Inflammation Research (Dec 2022)
CCL20/CCR6 Mediated Macrophage Activation and Polarization Can Promote Adenoid Epithelial Inflammation in Adenoid Hypertrophy
Abstract
Chenchen Ye,1,2 Xinxue Guo,2 Jiani Wu,2 Minhua Wang,2 Haiyan Ding,2 Xianzhi Ren1,3,4 1The First Clinical College, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046, People’s Republic of China; 2Department of Pediatrics, Yixing Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Yixing, 214200, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pediatrics, Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046, People’s Republic of China; 4Department of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046, People’s Republic of ChinaCorrespondence: Xianzhi Ren, Department of Pediatrics, Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210046, People’s Republic of China, Email [email protected]: Adenoid hypertrophy (AH) is a chronic or acute obstruction-related ailment of the upper respiratory tract that arises as an inflammatory response to exposure of bacteria, viruses or allergies. Activation and polarization of macrophages are key processes in inflammation-related disorders like AH and CCL20/CCR6 axis is a critical therapeutic target.Purpose: To determine that CCL20/CCR6 mediated macrophage activation and polarization can promote adenoid epithelial inflammation in AH.Methods: To support this claim, CCL20 and CCR6 expressions were studied in clinical AH samples. In addition, the expressions of cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, IL-10 and TGF-β were analysed. In vitro, human adenoid epithelial cells were co-cultured with polarized THP-1 and T lymphocyte H9 cells to study the expressions of several inflammatory markers.Results: The expressions of M1 macrophage markers CD86 and IL-17 were significantly increased, whereas the expressions of M2 macrophage markers CD206 and FOXP3 were significantly decreased. The THP-1 cells were successfully polarized to M0, M1 and M2 macrophages. The survival of macrophages improved after 24 hr of induction and enhanced TGF-β expression was observed. The expressions of the inflammatory cytokines IL-6, TNF-α, IL-1β and CCL20 increased significantly.Conclusion: Collectively, these results suggest that the CCL20/CCR6 mediated macrophage activation and polarization into M1-type macrophages can promote adenoid epithelial inflammation in AH. Further studies are warranted to determine the roles of inflammatory markers in the pathophysiology of AH and identifying potential targets.Keywords: adenoid hypertrophy, CCL20/CCR6 axis, inflammation, macrophages, markers
