Scheimpflug-Based Corneal Biomechanical Analysis As A Predictor of Glaucoma in Eyes With High Myopia

Abstract

Pedro ML Baptista,1,2 André S Ferreira,1,3 Nisa P Silva,1 Ana RM Figueiredo,1 Isabel C Sampaio,1 Rita VF Reis,1 Renato Ambrósio Jr,4– 8 Pedro M A M Menéres,1,2 João N M Beirão,1,2 Maria J F S Menéres1,2 1Ophthalmology Department, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Porto, Portugal; 2Instituto de Ciências Biomédicas Abel Salazar, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; 3Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade do Porto, Universidade do Porto, Porto, Portugal; 4Rio de Janeiro Corneal Tomography and Biomechanics Study Group, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil; 5Department of Cornea and Refractive Surgery, Instituto de Olhos Renato Ambrósio, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 6Department of Ophthalmology, Federal University of the State of Rio de Janeiro (UNIRIO), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; 7Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil; 8Brazilian Study Group of Artificial Intelligence and Corneal Analysis - BrAIN, Rio de Janeiro & Maceió, BrazilCorrespondence: Pedro ML Baptista, Centro Hospitalar Universitário do Porto, Largo Prof. Abel Salazar 4099-001 Porto, Portugal, Email [email protected]: To address if corneal biomechanical behavior has a predictive value for the presence of glaucomatous optical neuropathy in eyes with high myopia.Patients and Methods: This observational cross-sectional study included 209 eyes from 108 consecutive patients, divided into four groups: high myopia and primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) – HMG, n = 53; high myopia without POAG – HMNG, n = 53; non-myopic with POAG – POAG, n = 50; non-myopic and non-POAG– NMNG, n = 53. Biomechanical assessment was made through a Scheimpflug-camera-based technology. Receiver operating characteristic curves were made for the discrimination between groups. Multivariable logistic regression models were performed to address the predictive value of corneal biomechanics for the presence of glaucoma.Results: Areas Under the Receiver Operating Characteristic (AUROCs) above 0.6 were found in 6 parameters applied to discriminate between HMG and HMNG and six parameters to discriminate between POAG and NMNG. The biomechanical models with the highest power of prediction for the presence of glaucoma included 5 parameters with an AUROC of 0.947 for eyes with high myopia and 6 parameters with an AUROC of 0.857 for non-myopic eyes. In the final model, including all eyes, and adjusted for the presence of high myopia, the highest power of prediction for the presence of glaucoma was achieved including eight biomechanical parameters, with an AUROC of 0.917.Conclusion: Corneal biomechanics demonstrated differences in eyes with glaucoma and mainly in myopic eyes. A biomechanical model based on multivariable logistic regression analysis and adjusted for high myopia was built, with an overall probability of 91.7% for the correct prediction of glaucomatous damage.Plain Language Summary: High myopia and glaucoma are two entities with a worldwide growing prevalence and with a great visual, social and economic impact. High myopic eyes have a greater risk of glaucomatous damage, but early diagnosis is difficult due to the particularities of the eyes. This study asks if corneal biomechanics assessment can have a role in the risk prediction of glaucomatous damage in eyes with high myopia. As a strong biomechanical model for the correct prediction of glaucomatous damage was built, corneal biomechanics study can be a useful tool in the management of high myopic eyes with suspected glaucoma.Keywords: corneal biomechanics, corvis, glaucoma, high myopia, intraocular pressure, Scheimpflug camera

Keywords

• corneal biomechanics
• corvis
• glaucoma
• high myopia
• intraocular pressure
• scheimpflug camera