Investigación y Educación en Enfermería (Sep 2006)
Autoesquemas de ejercicio físico reportados por adultos mayores, Monterrey México Exercise Schema and Exercise Reported by Older Adults from the Metropolitan Area of Monterrey Mexico
Abstract
Objetivo: explorar si los adultos mayores poseen esquemas relacionados con el ejercicio físico y si ello se refleja en su conducta, para examinar la posibilidad de que enfermería trabaje en torno a la reestructuración de ellos, dado que en Monterrey, México, todavía son escasos los adultos mayores que lo practican. Se inicia el estudio con esta hipótesis: los adultos mayores esquemáticos de ejercicio reportarían practicar ejercicio regular. Metodología: este estudio descriptivo comprendió 267 adultos mayores (109 hombres y 158 mujeres), seleccionados aleatoriamente de dos comunidades del área metropolitana de Monterrey, México, de febrero a septiembre de 2003. Resultados: las autodescripciones de 111 (41.57%) participantes correspondieron a esquema de ejercicio, ellos reportaron caminar significativamente más tiempo semanal en comparación con los aesquemáticos y los no clasificados (Chi2 56.33, gl. 2, p Objective: to explore if older adults have physical exercise related self-schemas and if so it reflexes in their behavior, as an opportunity for nursing to work towards the restructuring of these schemas given that in Monterrey elders who exercise are scarce. It was hypothesized: exerciser schematic elders would report exercise regularly. Methodology: this descriptive study comprised of 267 older adults (109 men and 158 women), randomly selected from two communities from the metropolitan area of Monterrey México, from February to September 2003. Results: self descriptions of 111 (41.57%) participants felt under the exercise self-schema category; they reported walking significantly more time compared with aschematic and non-classified participants (Chi2 56.33; gl.2, p<.001). 38% (100) exercised according to recommended time. Conclusions: older adults showed congruence between their self-schemas and self reported physical exercise. Exercise among this population is low. Strategies toward the development of self-schemas have the potential for adopting an exercise health behavior in older adults; therefore to cope better with challenges of aging.
