Obesity Facts (Oct 2022)
Obesity in Adults: A 2022 Adapted Clinical Practice Guideline for Ireland
- Cathy Breen,
- Jean O’Connell,
- Justin Geoghegan,
- Donal O’Shea,
- Susie Birney,
- Louise Tully,
- Karen Gaynor,
- Mark O’Kelly,
- Grace O’Malley,
- Clare O’Donovan,
- Oonagh Lyons,
- Mary Flynn,
- Suzanne Allen,
- Niamh Arthurs,
- Sarah Browne,
- Molly Byrne,
- Shauna Callaghan,
- Chris Collins,
- Aoife Courtney,
- Michael Crotty,
- Ciara Donohue,
- Caroline Donovan,
- Colin Dunlevy,
- Diarmuid Duggan,
- Naomi Fearon,
- Francis Finucane,
- Ita Fitzgerald,
- Siobhan Foy,
- John Garvey,
- Irene Gibson,
- Liam Glynn,
- Edward Gregg,
- Anne Griffin,
- Janas M. Harrington,
- Caroline Heary,
- Helen Heneghan,
- Andrew Hogan,
- Mary Hynes,
- Claire Kearney,
- Dervla Kelly,
- Karl Neff,
- Carel W. le Roux,
- Sean Manning,
- Fionnuala McAuliffe,
- Susan Moore,
- Niamh Moran,
- Maura Murphy,
- Celine Murrin,
- Sarah M. O’Brien,
- Caitríona O’Donnell,
- Sarah O’Dwyer,
- Cara O’Grada,
- Emer O’Malley,
- Orlaith O’Reilly,
- Sharleen O’Reilly,
- Olivia Porter,
- Helen M. Roche,
- Amanda Rhynehart,
- Leona Ryan,
- Suzanne Seery,
- Corina Soare,
- Ferrah Shaamile,
- Abigail Walsh,
- Catherine Woods,
- Conor Woods,
- Ruth Yoder
Affiliations
- Cathy Breen
- Association for the Study of Obesity on the Island of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Jean O’Connell
- ORCiD
- Association for the Study of Obesity on the Island of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Justin Geoghegan
- Level 3 and 4 Obesity Services, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s University Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
- Donal O’Shea
- Level 3 and 4 Obesity Services, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s University Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
- Susie Birney
- Association for the Study of Obesity on the Island of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Louise Tully
- ORCiD
- Association for the Study of Obesity on the Island of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Karen Gaynor
- Association for the Study of Obesity on the Island of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Mark O’Kelly
- Irish College of General Practitioners, Dublin, Ireland
- Grace O’Malley
- Association for the Study of Obesity on the Island of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Clare O’Donovan
- Association for the Study of Obesity on the Island of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Oonagh Lyons
- ORCiD
- Association for the Study of Obesity on the Island of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Mary Flynn
- ORCiD
- Association for the Study of Obesity on the Island of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Suzanne Allen
- ORCiD
- Rehab Group, Dublin, Ireland
- Niamh Arthurs
- ORCiD
- Association for the Study of Obesity on the Island of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Sarah Browne
- ORCiD
- Association for the Study of Obesity on the Island of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Molly Byrne
- ORCiD
- School of Psychology,University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Shauna Callaghan
- School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Systems, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Chris Collins
- ORCiD
- Bariatric Medicine Service, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
- Aoife Courtney
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy & Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Michael Crotty
- ORCiD
- My Best Weight Healthcare Clinic, Dublin, Ireland
- Ciara Donohue
- Edenpark Medical, Raheny, Dublin, Ireland
- Caroline Donovan
- Association for the Study of Obesity on the Island of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Colin Dunlevy
- Level 3 and 4 Obesity Services, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s University Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
- Diarmuid Duggan
- ORCiD
- Metabolic Surgery Service, Bons Secours Hospital, Cork, Ireland
- Naomi Fearon
- Level 3 and 4 Obesity Services, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s University Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
- Francis Finucane
- ORCiD
- Bariatric Medicine Service, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
- Ita Fitzgerald
- ORCiD
- St Patricks University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Siobhan Foy
- Bariatric Medicine Service, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
- John Garvey
- Level 3 and 4 Obesity Services, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s University Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
- Irene Gibson
- Collaborative Doctoral Programme in Chronic Disease Prevention, University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Liam Glynn
- School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Edward Gregg
- School of Population Health, Royal College of Surgeons Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Anne Griffin
- School of Allied Health, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Janas M. Harrington
- School of Public Health, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
- Caroline Heary
- ORCiD
- School of Psychology,University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Helen Heneghan
- Level 3 and 4 Obesity Services, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s University Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
- Andrew Hogan
- Obesity Immunology Research Group, Maynooth University, Maynooth, Ireland
- Mary Hynes
- Bariatric Medicine Service, Galway University Hospital, Galway, Ireland
- Claire Kearney
- ORCiD
- Level 3 and 4 Obesity Services, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s University Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
- Dervla Kelly
- ORCiD
- School of Medicine, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Karl Neff
- Level 3 and 4 Obesity Services, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s University Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
- Carel W. le Roux
- ORCiD
- Diabetes Complications Research Centre, Conway Institute, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Sean Manning
- Department of Endocrinology, Cork University Hospital, Cork, Ireland
- Fionnuala McAuliffe
- ORCiD
- School of Medicine, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Susan Moore
- Department of Psychiatry, St Vincent’s University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Niamh Moran
- Irish College of General Practitioners, Dublin, Ireland
- Maura Murphy
- Association for the Study of Obesity on the Island of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Celine Murrin
- ORCiD
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy & Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Sarah M. O’Brien
- Office of National Clinical Advisor, Integrated Care Programme for Prevention and Management of Chronic Disease, Dublin, Ireland
- Caitríona O’Donnell
- Level 3 and 4 Obesity Services, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s University Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
- Sarah O’Dwyer
- St Patricks University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Cara O’Grada
- Level 3 and 4 Obesity Services, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s University Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
- Emer O’Malley
- Level 3 and 4 Obesity Services, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s University Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
- Orlaith O’Reilly
- Centric Health, Limerick, Ireland
- Sharleen O’Reilly
- ORCiD
- School of Agriculture and Food Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Olivia Porter
- Association for the Study of Obesity on the Island of Ireland, Dublin, Ireland
- Helen M. Roche
- ORCiD
- School of Public Health, Physiotherapy & Sports Science, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Amanda Rhynehart
- Level 3 and 4 Obesity Services, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s University Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
- Leona Ryan
- ORCiD
- School of Psychology,University of Galway, Galway, Ireland
- Suzanne Seery
- National Clinical Programme for Obesity, Dublin, Ireland
- Corina Soare
- Level 3 and 4 Obesity Services, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s University Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
- Ferrah Shaamile
- Level 3 and 4 Obesity Services, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s University Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
- Abigail Walsh
- Level 3 and 4 Obesity Services, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s University Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
- Catherine Woods
- Department of Physical Education and Sports Science, University of Limerick, Limerick, Ireland
- Conor Woods
- Department of Endocrinology, Naas General Hospital, Kildare, and Tallaght University Hospital, Dublin, Ireland
- Ruth Yoder
- Level 3 and 4 Obesity Services, St Columcille’s and St Vincent’s University Hospitals, Dublin, Ireland
Abstract
Background: This Clinical Practice Guideline (CPG) for the management of obesity in adults in Ireland, adapted from the Canadian CPG, defines obesity as a complex chronic disease characterised by excess or dysfunctional adiposity that impairs health. The guideline reflects substantial advances in the understanding of the determinants, pathophysiology, assessment, and treatment of obesity. Summary: It shifts the focus of obesity management toward improving patient-centred health outcomes, functional outcomes, and social and economic participation, rather than weight loss alone. It gives recommendations for care that are underpinned by evidence-based principles of chronic disease management; validate patients’ lived experiences; move beyond simplistic approaches of “eat less, move more” and address the root drivers of obesity. Key Messages: People living with obesity face substantial bias and stigma, which contribute to increased morbidity and mortality independent of body weight. Education is needed for all healthcare professionals in Ireland to address the gap in skills, increase knowledge of evidence-based practice, and eliminate bias and stigma in healthcare settings. We call for people living with obesity in Ireland to have access to evidence-informed care, including medical, medical nutrition therapy, physical activity and physical rehabilitation interventions, psychological interventions, pharmacotherapy, and bariatric surgery. This can be best achieved by resourcing and fully implementing the Model of Care for the Management of Adult Overweight and Obesity. To address health inequalities, we also call for the inclusion of obesity in the Structured Chronic Disease Management Programme and for pharmacotherapy reimbursement, to ensure equal access to treatment based on health-need rather than ability to pay.
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